study for Unit E muscular system and directional terms

ambulation (meaning and example)

moving from one place to another

abduction (meaning and example)

moving away from the median plane

adduction (meaning and example)

moving towards the median plane

flexion (meaning and example)

skeletal muscle that when contracted, bends a joint and a limb

extension (meaning and example)

skeletal muscle that when contracted straightens out a joint

agonist (meaning and example)

prime mover of a joitn

antagonist (meaning and example)

opposes movement of the agonist (stretches and yields to the agonist)

nucleus (meaning and example)

the membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes

striated (meaning and example)

muscle tissue that is marked by transverse dark and light bands (lines along it)

origin (meaning and example)

the attachment of a muscle n the more stable bone

insertion (meaning and example)

the attachment of a muscle on the more movable bone

voluntary muscles (meaning and example)

choose to move the muscles (conscious control)

involuntary muscles (meaning and example)

cant choose to move it, not thinking (unconscious control)

skeletal muscle (function, voluntary/involuntary, striated/unstriated, nuclei, 3 example locations)

1. allows for motion, nervous system controls

2. voluntary

3. striated

4. many nuclei

5. biceps, quads, triceps

cardiac muscle (function, voluntary/involuntary, striated/unstriated, nuclei, 3 example locations)

1. pump blood through the body

2. involuntary

3. striated

4. one nuclei

5. hear(technically one location

smooth muscles (function, voluntary/involuntary, striated/unstriated, nuclei, 3 example locations)

1. maintain blood pressure and flow

2. involuntary

3. unstriated

4. one nuclei

5. breathing, pupil dilation, gl track

to masticate

to chew, food broken down into smaller pieces

bi

two

tri

three

cep/cephalic

relating to the head, or head end of body

delta

triangle

trapezoid

a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides (know the shape for identifying muscles)

oblique

sidelong or slanted

semi

part of

quad

four

masseter (location, function)

cheek/jaw muscle, moves mandible

brachiocephalic (location, function)

runs from the tops of neck to shoulder extends head and neck and moves front leg forward.

trapezious (location, function)

shoulder muscle, extends head and elevates arm

deltoid (location, function)

from scapula to humerus, abducts limb and flection of the shoulder joint

triceps brachii (location, function)

from scapula/humerus to olecranon, extends elbow

latissimus dorsi (location, function)

lower side back muscle, extends/abduction/rotates shoulder and decompression of vertebrea

pectorals (location, function)

chest muscles, flexion/abduction/rotation of humerus

abdominal obliques (location, function)

qaist muscle, supports tilting movement of abdomen

intercostal (location, function)

internal between rib, helps with breathing

gluteal muscles (location, function)

butt muscle, adduct /abduct thigh/hip joint

bicep femoris (location, function)

back leg muscle (other half of hamstring), flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh/ hip

semitendinosus (location, function)

half of the hamstring muscle, extends hip and tarsal joints

quadriceps (location, function)

from femur to tibia (top thigh) flexes hp joint and extends stifle joint

gatrocnemius (location, function)

posterior calf of leg, flexes foot and leg

lateral (definition, picture)

towards the side

medial (definition, picture)

towards the middle

dorsal (definition, picture)

along the back or uppermost surface

ventral (definition, picture)

along belly or undermost surface

cranial (definition, picture)

towards the head

caudal (definition, picture)

towards the tail

distal (definition, picture)

part of limb farthersmost from body

proximal (definition, picture)

part of the limb closest to the body

deep (definition, picture)

away from the surface

superficial (definition, picture)

towards the surface

anterior (definition, picture)

front

posterior (definition, picture)

rear (back)

rostal (definition, picture)

in front of face, closest to nose

palmar (definition, picture)

palm of the han

plantar (definition, picture)

sole of the foot

volar (definition, picture)

both foot and palm

frontal plane (definition, picture)

divides dorsal and ventral

transverse plane (definition, picture)

cranial and caudal sides

saggital plane (definition, picture)

any body plan that is parallel to median plane

median plane

qual left and right half