american history module 1

Renaissance

Rebirth of interest in the world and their own history across europe post dark ages, began circa 1400s through 1600

vikings reached canada

leif erikson circa 1000

marco polo

reached mongolia in 1275. first widespread account of chinese goods culture and trade

prince henry the navigator

leader of portugal encouraged trade, first european to lead expeditions to africa

bartholomew diaz

sailed around the cape of good hope, turned back due to weather

vasco de gama

sailed beyong cape of good hope to india, developed trade

pedro cabral

first to spot brazil when blown off course, claimed that land for portugal

what motivated europeans

• god glory gold

• wanted to challenge italian and muslim trade

technological advances that allowed exploration

• sails replaced oars, more masts

• sternpost rudder allowed stabalization

• artillery (guns)

• astrolab and compass for naviagation

what does significance mean in this course

why does this matter

Taino

native caribbeans

berring land bridge

how natives first got here from russia

clovis hunters

used clovis blades, longer blades for hunting

iriquois

• iriquois, mowhawks, oneidas, onondagas, cayuga

• matriatchal, agricultural, in new york

cahokia

• st louis illionois

• largest mound for trading center

• human sacrifices found buried there

• abandoned for unknown reason in 1350

mississippi culture

the five civilized tribes: choctaw, creeks, chockasaw, cherokee, seminole

ferdinand and isabella

king and queen of spain, sponsored columbus

pacific shore indians

permanent villages (pueblo people) fished

western plains indians

migratory, hunting and gathering cycles

southwest natives

• mogollon, honokam, anasazi

• farmers

anasazi indians

cliff dwellers, farmed corn

aztecs inca maya

• aztecs in mexico

• incas in andes in peru and chile

• mayas in central america and the yucatan peninsula

• cooperation, centralized society

natives before europeans

lack of unity, little immunity to disease

san salvador

first place columbus landed

st augustine

first permanent settlement, military outpost founded in 1565

amerigo vespucci

explored for portugal and discovered america, first named on a map in 1507

francisco vasquez de coronado

governed a mexican territory, explored southwestern united states, discovered the grand canyon, went bankrupt from his expeditions lack of success in finding riches 1540

juan ponce de leon

came on columbus’ second voyage, conqueres hispanola and explored florida

hernando de soto

exploration and plunder in the southeast us

vasco nunez de balboa

discovered the pacific ocean

virginia

discovered by walter raleigh and named for elizabeth the virgin queen

roanoake colony in niorth carolina

failed colony, colonists disappeared in 1590

spanish armada

1588 sent by phillip to attack england, when they failed it weakened spains navy power and allowed other countries to take a stab at the new world

john cabot

voyage to newfoundland for french in 1498, lost at sea

giovanni de verrazzano

sent in 1524 for the french but was killed on his second voyage

jaques cartier

1534 discovered canada for france but france lost interest due to lack of gold

samuel de champlain

father of new france founded quebec in 1608

queen elizabeth 1st

funded francis drake to attack the spanish for three years

king phillip II

catholic ruler of spain

francis drake

destroyed spanish st augustine, took santo domingo, “el diablo”

sirs walter raleigh and humphrey gilbert

• gilbert lost at sea

• sent by england to establish outposts in 1578

sir richard grenville

led roanoke expedition