EML Chapter 15,16 Test

radioactive iodine uptake

nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function, particularly when distinguishing different causes of hypothyroidism

thyroxine level

blood test that gives a direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the patients blood

addison disease

chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex, symptoms include weakness, weight loss, hypotension, darkening of skin, & loss of appetite

diabetes mellitus

chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism caused by under-activity of the insulin-producing islets of langerhans & characterized by elevated blood sugar

gigantism

condition brought about by hypersecretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland before puberty

metabolic syndrome

group of signs & symptoms including insulin resistance, obesity characterized by excessive fat around the area of the waist & abdomen, hypertension, hyperglycemia & more (syndrome x or insulin resistance syndrome)

myxedema

condition resulting from a extreme deficiency of the thyroid hormone thyroxine, a severe form of hypothyroidism in an adult, signs include puffiness in face & hands, coarse & thickened skin, enlarged tongue, slow speech, & anemia

acromegaly

enlargement of the extermities

hyperthyroidism

state of excessive thyroid gland activity

hyponatremia

deficient sodium in the blood

hypothyroidism

state of deficient thyroid gland activity

panhypopituitarism

state of total deficient pituitary gland activity

parathyroidoma

tumor of the parathyroid gland

acr/o

extremities, height

calc/i

calcium

dips/o

thrist

kal/i

potassium

pituitary gland

approximately the size of a pea & located at the base of the brain

adrenocorticotropic hormone

stimulates the adrenal cortex

oxytocin

stimulates uterine contractions during labor & postpartum & milk let down by the breasts postpartum

parathyroid glands

four small bodies embedded in the posterior aspect of the lobes of the thyroid gland, helps maintain the level of calcium in the body by its effects on bone & kidneys

somatoform disorders

disorders characterized by physical symptoms for which no known physical cause exists

ocd

obessive-compulsive disorder

tia

transient ischemic attack (ab)

csf

cerebrospinal fluid (ab)

ataxia

lack of muscle coordination

dysarthria

inability to use speech that is distinct & connected because of a loss of muscle control after damage to peripheral or central nervous system

unconsciousness

state of being unaware of surroundings & incapable of responding to stimuli as a result of shock, injury, illness, or drugs

incoherent

unable to express one’s thoughts or ideas in an orderly, intelligible manner

interictal

between seizures & attacks

CT myelography

process of recording the spinal cord

evoked potential studies

group of diagnostic tests that measure changes & responses in brain waves elicited by visual,auditory or somatosensory stimuli

lumbar puncture

diagnostic procedure performed by an insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space usually between he third & foruth lumbar vertebrae (spinal tap)

epilepsy

condition characterized by recurrent seizures

parkinson’s disease

chronic degenerative disease of the central nervous system, tremors of the hands & feet, rigidity, expressionless face

shingles

viral disease that affects the peripheral nerves & causes blisters on the skin that follow the course of affected nerves ( herpes zoster)

stroke

interruption of blood supply to a region of the brain, depriving nerve cells in the affected area of oxygen & nutrients, cells cannot perform & may be damaged or die within minutes

transient ischemic attack

sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain lasting a short time

cerebral embolism

pertaining to the cerebrum, state of a plug

cerebral thrombosis

pertaining to the cerebrum, abnormal condition of a blood clot

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

encephalomalacia

softening of the brain

encephalomyeloradiculitis

inflammation of the brain,spinal cord, & nerve root

glioblastoma

tumor composed of developing glia

glioma

tumor composed of glia

hydrocephalus

water in the head

myelomalacia

softening of the spinal cord

neuralgia

nerve pain

polyneuritis

inflammation of many nerves

encephal/o

brain

gli/o

glia

myel/o

spinal cord

poli/o

gray matter

esthesi/o

sensation, sensitivity, feeling

quadr/i

four

-iatry

treatment, speciality (S)

medulla oblongata

located between the pons & spinal cord, it contains centers that control respiration, heart rate, & the muscles in the blood vessel walls, which assists in determining blood pressure

pia mater

thin inner layer of the meninges

nerve

cordlike structure made up of fibers that carries impulses from one part of the body to another, there are 12 pairs of cranial nerves & 31 pairs of spinal nerves

aden/o

gland

adenohypophysis

anterior pituitary gland