Quiz- 3.2 ( Heart Sounds and Blood Analysis)

Which Biopac measurement would allow you to measure the amplitude (loudness) of a heart sound?

P-P

At which of the following locations would you listen if you suspected your patient had tricuspid valve stenosis?

C

Which time interval most closely corresponds to ventricular systole?

S₁ --> S₂ (the time between the first heart sound and the second heart sound

Which time intervals decrease significantly when a person is engaged in strenuous physical activity?

• S₂ --> S₁ (the time between the second heart sound of one cardiac cycle and the first heart sound of the next cardiac cycle)

• R --> R (the time between the peak of the R-wave of one cardiac cycle and the peak of the R-wave of the next cardiac cycle)

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) may be elevated (increased) in all of the following conditions except:

angina pectoris (chest pain without heart attack)

Which of the following statements about erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is false?

To measure ESR, Ca²⁺ must be added to the blood so that it will clot in the narrow sedimentation tubes.

What is the term for the condition in which a heart valve thickens and the heart works to push blood through a smaller than normal space?

stenosis

In some cases, when the baroreceptor reflex is triggered by decreased blood pressure, it can also cause increased ventilation (i.e. more rapid and / or deeper breaths).  What are some possible advantages of increased ventilation when blood pressure is low?

• The amount of oxygen in the blood could be increased and the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood could be decreased.

• The respiratory pump will help return blood to the heart more rapidly.

Assume you  place the bell of your stethoscope at location A and hear the sound of the turbulent blood flow  between "dub" of one heartbeat and the "lub" of the next heartbeat (i.e. you hear turbulent blood flow between S₂ and S₁ of the next cardiac cycle ).

What valve defect is mostly like to have caused this heart murmur?

aortic valve insufficency

Starting just before a person exhales, select the correct order of events that occur as "respiratory pump" helps move blood back to the heart through the abdominal cavity against gravity:

1. When a person exhales, the abdominal cavity expands and the thoracic cavity is compressed

2. Blood pressure in the IVC ( in the abdominal cavity) is decreased

3. Blood flows (past valves) from the lower limbs pelvic cavity into IVC in the abdominal cavity.

4. When a person inhales, the thoracic cavity expands and the abdominal cavity is compressed.

5. Blood pressure in the IVC v (in the abdominal cavity) is increased.

6. Blood flows (past valves) from the IVC in the abdominal cavity into the right atrium.