Science, Technology, and Society Lecture Notes Review

These flashcards cover the key concepts and historical figures related to the development of science, technology, and their impact on society across different civilizations as discussed in the provided lecture notes.

The first inklings of science began in __.

Ancient civilizations such as Egypt and Mesopotamia.

The ancient Egyptian medical document known as __ papyrus illustrated early medical practices.

Ebers.

In ancient Egypt, __ was used to treat wounds.

Moldy bread.

Mesopotamia is known for innovations such as the __ wheel with bronze hubs.

iron.

Cuneiform is a writing system developed in __.

Mesopotamia.

The ancient Chinese invented __ as one of their notable early technologies.

Gunpowder.

In India, the __ tree's parts are used in Ayurvedic medicine.

Golden shower.

The concept of zero and the Hindu-Arabic number system evolved in the __ region.

Middle East.

The Greeks began to focus on understanding the universe using __ and observation, rather than mythology.

reason.

__ and Democritus were the first Greek atomists who contributed to atomic theory.

Leucippus.

Aristotle, known as the father of life sciences, made contributions to the classification of __ organisms.

living.

Alchemy sought the __ stone, believed to transmute one element into another.

philosopher's.

Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the __ system, placing the sun at the center of the universe.

heliocentric.

Andreas Vesalius published __, a groundbreaking book on human anatomy.

De Fabrica.

Blaise Pascal demonstrated that air exerts __ on all objects.

pressure.

Isaac Newton established the laws of motion and the __ law of gravitation in his work Principia.

universal.

Robert Boyle is known as the founder of modern __.

chemistry.

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek is famous for inventing the first __.

microscope.

Carolus Linnaeus is credited with developing a scientific naming system for __.

living organisms.

Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier formulated the Law of Mass __.

Conservation.

John Dalton proposed a detailed atomic theory that became the cornerstone of modern __ science.

atomic.

Louis Pasteur disproved the theory of __ generation.

spontaneous.

Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern __ for his work on inheritance.

genetics.

Michael Faraday is often called the "__ giant" for his contributions to electricity.

electrical.

James Clerk Maxwell developed mathematical equations proving electricity and magnetism are interrelated, forming the basis of __.

electromagnetism.

The First Law of __ states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

Thermodynamics.

Max Planck proposed that energy exists in discrete packets called __.

quanta.

Albert Einstein used Planck's concept of energy quanta to explain the __ effect.

photoelectric.

Niels Bohr's atomic model helped establish the acceptance of __ mechanics.

quantum.

The advancements in science during the Renaissance are often referred to as the __ Age of Science.

Golden.