Excretion and Kidney Function Flashcards

Flashcards about excretion, liver functions, and kidney structure and function.

What is excretion?

The removal of toxic metabolic waste from the body.

Give examples of metabolic waste.

CO2, nitrogenous waste (urea), bile pigments.

Name the excretory organs.

Skin, lungs, liver, kidneys.

What substances are carried in the blood to the lungs for exhalation?

Carbon Dioxide

What two blood vessels supply each liver lobule

Hepatic Artery and Hepatic Portal Vein

How is Glycogen stored in the liver?

Granules in hepatocyte cytoplasm

What is the first product formed from the breakdown of ethanol?

Ethanal

Why can't excess amino acids be stored in the body?

The amine group makes them toxic.

Name the cycle that converts ammonia into urea.

The ornithine cycle.

Where are the kidneys located?

Top of the abdomen, below the diaphragm.

Which part of the kidney nephron is located in the cortex?

Bowman's capsule

Name the functional unit of the kidney

Nephron

Define Ultrafiltration

Filtration of blood at a molecular level under pressure

Where does urine collect in the kidney?

The pelvis.

Name two functions of the kidney.

Filtration and osmoregulation.

What type of cell lines the PCT?

Cuboidal villated cells.

What gets reabsorbed in the PCT?

100% sugars and water.

What does the ascending loop of henle do?

Removes mineral ions via active transport

Name four componets of urine

Water, urea, salts, hormones, toxins

Why is the hydrostatic/oncotic pressure greater in the glomerulus?

To allow for reabsorption