Fluency with Information Technology - Chapter 12

Four types on controls on information

No use; Opt in; Opt out; No limit; (+ internal use)

Online tracking

Web site automatically sending details about your visit to other content providers (to show you ads and other products)

Cell phone tracking

positioning information, used to map your physical location

Cookie

a record containing seven fields of information

that uniquely identify a customer's session

Third party cookies

cookies put on a computer by those other than the website being visited, such as advertisers inserting their own cookies on a web page

Identity theft

A crime that involves someone pretending to be another person in order to steal money or obtain benefits

Malware

software that is intended to damage or disable computers and computer systems.

Virus

A piece of code that is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data

Worm

a software program capable of reproducing itself that can spread from one computer to the next over a network

Exploit

Describes when software takes advantage of bugs in software

Trojan

A program disguised as a harmless application that actually produces harmful results.

Backdoor

Software code that gives access to a program or a service that circumvents normal security protections.

Rootkit

program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer

ciphertext

A string of text that has been converted to a secure form using encryption.

cleartext

Unencrypted data

key

Used to encrypt data

Secure communication

message exchange in which the content is encrypted to keep it private

Private key encryption

A type of encryption that uses a single key to encrypt and decrypt the file or message.

Symmetric key cryptography

Another name for private key encryption

the computer itself

Private browsing does not store data on _____

Quality

You discover that credit information about you is inaccurate. Which principle does this violate?

Fair information practices

Information from people in EU countries can be shared outside of the EU, providing

the business or government follows the principles of _______

Privacy

_______ is the right of people to choose freely under what circumstances and to

what extent they will reveal themselves, their attitude, and their behavior to others.

Cash

_____ is an anonymous form of payment

OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)

The _______ serve as a guideline for protecting personal privacy in regard to international

trade.

Fair information practices

The _______ provides a benchmark by which businesses can measure how well they

are protecting the privacy of individuals.

businesses; governments

The Fair Information Practices standards conflict with the information gathering

goals of _______ and _______.

2 way cipher

A(n) _______ is a combination of encryption and decryption.

RSA

The _______ cryptosystem is the best-known public key cryptosystem.

Spyware

_______ is software that monitors and records details of computer usage.

increases

The difficulty of factoring _______ as the key grows in size.

Data controller

A(n) _______ is responsible for maintaining personal information and is held

accountable for it.

Patriot

The _______ act ended Americans reasonable protection from government

snooping.

Cleartext

_______ is information before it is encrypted.

DoNotTrack

Setting _______ in your browser may stop certain Web sites from tracking you.

Worms

_______ contain code that reproduces itself when the program runs.