2.6-2.9 aam unit 2

gang vs. task system/role

gang

1. in a group

2. Overseer present to make sure on task

3. singing was common to help keep pace or convey secret messages

task

1. individual

2. had to meet a quota (ex. rice, indigo)

3. Creole Language called Gullah

what creole language did enslaved african americans create to speak to each other? (how?)

Gullah, aka song language - formed by people from very diverse backgrounds/cultures who wanted to speak to each other

how was the north and south dependent on each other?

North bought products like clothing, food, etc (didn’t look into where it came from) - South gains revenue but slaves get nothing

definition of broadside

large poster - typically used to advertise slave auctions

what does Mulatto and Griffe mean?

Mulatto: someone half black and half white

Griffe: someone ¾ black and ¼ native american

Louisiana Slave Codes (aka Black Codes/Code Noir)

enacted by French King Louis XIV regarding laws that regulated the lives of enslaved/freed black, restricting their rights and mobility - ex. banned interracial marriage, right to sue, own property

what caused South Carolina Slave Codes to be stricter

Stono Rebellion (slaves riot and killed many ppl) —> no more singing, gathering, etc

15th amendment

granted all male citizens the right to vote, prohibiting states from denying this right based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude”

Dred Scott v. Sandford

ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be citizens and therefore had no right to sue in federal court — also declared Missouri Compromise (36’30 line) unconstitutional

1662 VA Act XII “Partus Sequitur Ventrem”

aka hereditary slavery; Virginia law that declared a child's status as either free or enslaved was determined by the mother’s status — changed from Partus Sequitur Partem (from father) from Elizabeth Key court case

Phenotype

race was determined by outside appearance traits — how “race” was set up to discriminate against blacks (ex. mulatto, griffe, one-drop rule)

one-drop rule

if any part of your heritage is black (even “one-drop”), then you were considered black and discriminated against — determined by phenotype

Elizabeth Key

successfully sued for her freedom in 1656, becoming the first documented Black woman in the American colonies to win her freedom through a lawsuit — her dad was a white slave owner while her mom was an enslaved african american — effect: ppl changed Partus Sequitur Partem to Partus Sequitur Ventrem

Wallace Willis

composed the song “Steal Away to Jesus” (sorrow spiritual); enslaved black in Choctaw Tribe (Mississippi), moved to Oklahoma during Trail of Tears

David Drake

created this pottery piece w/ poem

Lingua franca

aka common language typically used in gang agricultural workers; fueled fear of riot/group attacks like the Stono Rebellion —> prohibited in Black Codes

Fodet

refers to the unique African-American music style developed from people all over Africa with their different cultures

what states could black men vote in?

maine, vermont, new hampshire, massasschusettes, rhode island