RE Yr10 Exam

Identify four harmonies of Original Justice

Harmony with: God, self, others, Creation

Outline

provide overview of knowledge (2-3)

Describe

refer to key characteristics (who, what, when, where) (3-5)

Compare

similarities and difference (4-5)

Explain

cause and affect, connect two things (4-6)

Discuss

points for/against, more depth (6+

Social Justice

Belief everyone should be treated equally and have access to basic human rights, dignity, and opportunities for a fulfilling life

Dignity of Human Person

Everyone is created in the image/likeness of God.

Everyone should be treated with respect regardless of race, gender etc.

Preferential Option for the Poor

Society should prioritise the needs of poor/vulnerable

Ensure they’ve received support/justice

Solidarity

Recognising shared humanity/responsibility

Encourages people to support each other and build community that respects diversity, peace, and justice

Common Good

Social conditions that allows all individuals to reach their full potential and realise human dignity.

Four Marks of the Church

One, Apostolic, Catholic, Holy

4 Human Injustices

Between; Families, Communities, Nations, God

Role of Ministerial Priest

Serving the church, guiding its members, and bringing them closer to God through the sacraments, teaching, and compassionate care and emotional support.

Sacramental Ministry, Pastrol Care, Community Leadership, Witness to Faith and Service

Original Justice Overview

Original justice refers to the state of perfect harmony that existed between God, humanity, and Creation before Adam and Eve, In this state, humans lived in complete unity with God, inner peace, and harmony with each other, and Creation. This balance was lost after the first sin, introducing suffering ad conflict into human experience.

Apostolic Creed

Made: 4th-9th century

Unknown author

Foundational Christian statement of faith that summarises core beliefs about God, Jesus, and Holy Spirit

Affirms doctrines of the Trinity, incarnation, crucifixion, and resurrection

Used in Catholic liturgy as concise declaration of faith

Nicene Creed

Made: Council of Nicaea (325 AD)

Formal statement of faith and to address heresies and unify doctrine

Expands on Apostles’ Creed

Emphasises divinity of Jesus and Holy Spirit, affirming belief in Trinity.

Arian Heresy

Stated that Jesus was created by God and therefore not fully divine.

Protestant Reformation Context

Black Death sweeping through Europe. Priests sold indulgences as salvations to prevent living in purgatory.

Protestant Reformation

Martin Luther - German monk who studied theology at Wittenburg University

Nailed 95 Theses regarding aspects of Church life and teaching (particularly indulgences)

Indulgences

payment made that would provide someone with a prayer or some form of religious scripture that was said to save you and loved ones from living in purgatory.

Purgatory

temporary state of purificiation for souls who have died in God’s grace but still need to be cleansed of venial sins and effects of sin before entering heaven.

Counter-Reformation/Council of Trent

Prompted by Protestant Reformation and included 3 popes and took place in Trent and Bologna in Italy.

One of most important ecumenicals - helped stop abuses and corruption in Church

Reaffirmed doctrines: salvation DOES come from God as pure gift

Reformed sacraments: define the meaning of the 7 sacraments and emphasised the true meaning of the Eucharist as the sacrifice of Jesus

Vatican II Encyclicals

Sacrosanctum Concilium: Constitution on Sacred Liturgy

Lumen Gentium: Dogmatic Constitution on Church

Dei Verbum: Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation

Gaudium et Spes: Constitution on Church in Modern World

Rerum Novarum Context

Industrial Revolution - poor conditions of workers, very few rights given to workers

Rerum Novarum

In 1891, issued by Pope Leo XIII, Rerum Novarum was created. The encyclical enabled worker’s rights, critiqued socialism and unfettered capitalism, and the emphasised role of the Church and state.

Impact of Vatican II

Helped growth of the Church by making it more inclusive, engaging, and relevant to the modern new world. It encouraged active participation from laity, helped deepen the faith and involvement of Catholics. Promoted ecumenism and interfaith dialogue, improving relationships with other Catholic denominations and world religions. Emphasises social justice, human rights, and Church’s global mission, encouraged the Church to address contemporary issues and serve the marginalised. Revitalised Church’s presence worldwide.

Vatican II Context

21st Ecumenical Council - 4 sessions (1962-1965). First one in 100 years and convened by Pope John XXIII. Post WW2 era and church engaging with social, political, and cultural issues. Aimed to modernise and renew mission, adapt to rapidly changing world.

St Paul

Born in Tarsus (originally named Saul)

Jew who persecuted Christians (jailing, killing, brutalising)

Blinded by Jesus for three days whilst traveling to Damascus

Converted to Christianity afterwards

3 missionaries spreading the word (eg Cyrpus)

Constantine

First Roman Emperor to convert to Christianity

Christians had been persecuted for years prior

Battle of Milvian Bridge (312 AD)

Vision of cross of light in sky: ‘In this sign, you will conquer’

Edict of Milan (313 AD) - legalising Christianity

Conscience

The most sacred core and sanctuary of a person

Secular + Catholic View

Secular: angel and devil informs of right and wrong choices, voice inside head, based on what someone thinks is right and wrong.

Catholic: most inner core and sanctuary of a person, hear God’s voice, stirred within to make a good moral choice based on moral principles and natural law.

Moral Decision Made

Moral Principles and Natural Law

Natural Law

Laws natural to people, applies to all people and values love, goodness, and justice. Never change and based on moral principles.

Divine Law

Set out by God and encompasses the laws/teachings found within Bible. 10 commandments

Old + New Law

10 Commandments and the 2 Greatest Commandments

Holy Spirit Guides Conscience

Magisterium - continuing to teach Jesus’ commands

Apostolic Succession - teachings have been handed down

4 Principles of Conscience

1. Everyone is obliged to form their conscience

   Must learn to distinguish between right and wrong

2. Follow sincere conscience

   God created humans to be good

3. Conscience doesn’t decide right or wrong

   Only God knows and determines what is right and wrong

4. A good end doesn’t justify immoral means

   People usually have good intentions when faced with choices, not only consider the good end, but the means about achieving it.

Moral Decision Elements

Action

Intention

Circumstance

Challenges to MDM

Strong emotions

Social/peer pressures

Moral Relativism

Questions for MDM

• Have I sufficient relevant knowledge?

• Have I sufficient personal freedom?