S25 Psych 101 Exam 3 Review - Definitions

Internal Locus of Control

The belief that you control your own destiny; what happens in your life is up to you

External Locus of Control

The belief that things simply happen and they are outside of your control

Self-efficacy

Belief that you are competent and able to do something

Ideal Self

The person you want to be

Real Self

Who you are right now

Cardinal Personality Trait

A personality trait that is essential to someone; it is their entire personality

Central Personality Trait

A personality trait that is a core part of someone and is present through many situations, but it doesn't dominate their entire personality

Secondary Personality Trait

A personality trait that only exists in certain circumstances or conditions

Openness

Willingness to engage in new experiences and opportunities

Conscientiousness

Being hardworking, diligent, and dedicated

Extroversion

Enjoying spending time with people; get your energy from social interactions

Agreeableness

How well you get along with other people

Neuroticism

How emotionally reactive you are to different situations

Social Roles

Shared expectations for how you should behave in a given situation

Scripts

How certain events are supposed to play out

Social norms

What is considered usual/appropriate in any given situation

Cognitive dissonance

A disconnect between someone's beliefs and behaviors that causes anxiety

In-group

A group that you belong to

Out-group

A group you don't belong to

Mere exposure effect

The more time you spend with someone/something, the more extreme your feelings about them become

Matching hypothesis

People tend to pick partners that are similar to them

Group Polarization

Talking with people who share your beliefs tends to strengthen your beliefs

Introversion

Getting energy from being alone; prefers to be alone instead of being in a big crowd

Unconditional Positive Regard

Also - unconditional love