Final lab pro

color tube needed for CBC

purple

what color test for chem tests

red/sst or green

what color for urinalysis

plain

what color for coag tests

blue

Skin scrapes can be negative > 50% of the time for this "itch mite" properly named:

scabies

When collecting swab samples, you may moisten the swab with ___________ to minimize cell damage

saline

A type of fluid with low cellularity and, low total protein, and a mixture of monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes is referred to as:

transudate

A type of fluid with increased cellularity and protein concentration as a result of inflammation is referred to as

exudate

The best sample collection method to use for skin mites is

Skin scrape

The term that describes an increase in the volume of voided urine over a 24-hour period is

Polyuria

The urinary bladder is lined with

transitional epithelial cells

An elevation in BUN and/or creatinine is called

Azotemia

What type of azotemia best describes a patient with elevated BUN and/or creatinine with concentrated urine?

Prerenal azotemia

The term that describes an increase in the frequency of voided urine over a 24-hour period is

Pollakiuria

1.025-1.030 SG

normal canine

1.030-1.035 SG

normal feline

1.008-1.012 SG

isothenuria

<1.008 SG

Hyposthenuria

A characteristic sweet or fruity odor of the urine indicates

ketones

Which cell type is predominant during anestrus?

Noncornified squamous epithelial cells

Which cell type is predominant during estrus?

Cornified squamous epithelial cells

What is an expected test result for an 18-year-old cat that is 7% dehydrated?

Increased total protein

Which of the following aid in fat absorption and modulate cholesterol levels?

Bile acids

Which of the following would be an expected finding in a patient with a suspected congenital portosystemic shunt?

Elevated serum bile acids

Which plasma protein assay component comprises approximately 35% to 50% of the total plasma protein values in most animals?

Albumin

normal platelet amount per field

8-10

A major crossmatch involves the mixing of:

Recipient serum and donor RBC's

Leukocytosis with a neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia are common characteristics of a(n)

Stress response

The best indicator for regenerative anemia on a CBC is

Increased reticulocytes

Acute anemias can be considered non-regenerative or pre regenerative until signs of regeneration occur, taking up to _____ hours.

72

________ have a low reserve of bone marrow neutrophils and a decreased ability to accelerate white cell production

Cattle and ruminants

Which abnormality is characterized by grape-cluster like formation of red cells that do not break up when the sample is diluted with saline?

Agglutination

________ rarely release reticulocytes from bone marrow.

Horses

Release of an increased number of immature neutrophils from bone marrow in response to inflammation is called

Left shift

Which type of procedure uses a Jamshidi needle?

bone marrow aspirate

An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is an example of __________ hypersensitivity

Type II

Substances that are capable of generating a response from the immune system are referred to as:

Antigens

Which type of immunity is generated by vaccines?

active

Antibodies are produced by

B lymphocytes

What is the most likely outcome if a DEA 1-negative dog previously received a transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood and now receives a second transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood?

A severe reaction can occur in less than 1 hour after the second transfusion.

_______ are produced by the immune system in response to an _________

Antibodies, antigen

Canine agglutination blood typing is used to determine whether dogs are

DEA 1.1+

The vast majority of cats in the United States have type _____ blood.

A

The most common type of immunologic test performed in practice is

ELISA

Which cell type is responsible for the adaptive immune system?

Lymphocytes

___________ are cells that can kill the bodies own cells if they have become infected or are cancerous

Natural killer cells

______ is an insoluble protein that helps stabilize the platelet plug formed during primary hemostasis

Fibrin

Which term describes a decrease in the amount of platelets circulating in peripheral blood?

Thrombocytopenia

In what species is platelet clumping most commonly seen?

Cats

______ is needed to dissolve fibrin and break down clots during the process of fibrinolysis.

Plasmin

The preferred anticoagulant for most plasma assays of coagulation is:

Sodium citrate

Which of the following findings on physical examination is most likely to be associated with an underlying primary bleeding disorder?

Petechiae

When a low platelet result is noted on a CBC, what is the most appropriate next step?

Blood film review to verify low platelet numbers

The most common acquired cause of abnormal primary hemostasis in dogs is

Immune mediated thrombocytopenia

Platelets are produced in bone marrow from

megakaryocytes

Clinical bleeding due to thrombocytopenia is usually not seen in animals until they have platelet counts below what value?

40,000/μl

he primary site for the production of coagulation factors is the

Liver

This syndrome causes diffuse clotting and secondary fibrinolysis (clot destruction), resulting in uncontrollable bleeding and often death

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Which of the following is likely to occur when collecting a blood sample from a very excited patient that is struggling during restraint for blood collection?

The platelet count may be elevated in the blood sample

A ___________ is an immature RBC that will appear lavender when stained with Wright's or Diff-Quik

Polychromatophil

Which cell differentiates to a macrophage when exposed to a specific cytokine?

Monocyte

What is the primary cytokine responsible for the production of red blood cells?

Erythropoietin

The cells in the erythrocyte maturation series in order from most immature to most mature are:

Rubriblasts, prorubricytes, rubricytes, metarubricytes, reticulocytes

Which species has red blood cells that normally appear to be elliptical or elongated?

Camelid

Which term identifies the process of the production of all blood cells and platelets?

Hematopoiesis

The normal packed cell volume (PCV) of a cat ranges

25-45%

Which instrument is used to measure the total protein content of a sample?

Refractometer

Which test is not specifically considered a hematologic test but is an important part of the complete blood count and is completed on the refractometer?

Total protein

The red blood cells in which of the foillowing species are biconcave discs with a distinctive center of pallor?

Canine

Which organ is primarily involved in the production of erythropoietin?

Kidney

Which type of lymphocyte matures only in the thymus?

T lymphocytes

Fifty-five percent of blood is comprised of

Plasma

Which inherited lysosomal storage disorder causes dilute haircoat color, large, fused lysosomes within the cytoplasm of leukocytes and may have a slight effect of bleeding because of platelet function being abnormal in Persians?

Chédiak-Higashi syndrome

Manual cell counts with a hemocytometer are rarely performed except in which of the following animals?

Birds and reptiles

What would be the best option for a technician to prepare a good blood smear using an older blood sample that is thick and has some clotting?

Obtain a fresh sample before creating the slide.

Which erythrocyte abnormality occurs in immune-mediated disorders when an antibody coats the red blood cell?

Autoagglutination

What is a hemocytometer used for?

Manual cell counts

_________ is a variation in the size of RBC's.

Anisocytosis

Which term describes the morphology of erythrocytes with insufficient hemoglobin in the cell?

Hypochromasia

A _________ has a horseshoe-shaped nucleus with parallel-sided nuclear membranes.

Band neutrophil

Which type of white blood cell is rarely seen on a blood film in dogs and cats?

Basophil

What type of erythrocyte morphologic changes may be present on the blood smear made using a sample that has been stored in the refrigerator overnight or that has had a slow drying time?

Echinocytes

What size pipette would you choose to transfer 1.6 mL of fluid?

2.0 mL

What type of tube is used to prepare a urine sample prior to centrifugation?

Conical

Lab work included in a patient minimum data base is:

CBC, Chemistry, UA

The bacterial agents that cause salmonellosis and toxoplasmosis are classified as having which biosafety level?

II

The ability of a testing method to be accurate and precise is referred to as:

Reliability

Infectious canine hepatitis virus and E. coli are classified as which biosafety level

1

An improperly maintained analyzer can introduce a(n) _________ error into a test result.

Analytic

Restricting workers from mouth pipetting is an example of what type of workplace hazard control:

Procedural controls

Spur cells, also called _____________ , are RBC's with irregular projections of variable size and length

Acanthocytes

_________ formation involves the grouping of RBC's in stacks.

Rouleaux

Which type of white blood cells are usually contain dark pink/orange granules and increase in numbers in patients with allergic reactions or in parasitic infestations?

Eosinophils

What type of cell in peripheral blood is indicative of responsive bone marrow in regenerative anemia?

Reticulocytes

Leukocytosis with a neutrophilia and lymphocytosis are common characteristics of a(n) ____________ in cats

Excitement response

_____________ is the most common anemia in animals.

Anemia of inflammatory/chronic disease

What happens if an animal is given a mismatched transfusion?

Antibodies form against the RBC antigens from the transfused sample.

The term that can be used to describe hives is:

urticaria

Which pure breed of cat is most likely to have type A blood?

Siamese

Antibodies are produced by:

B lymphocytes