BIO1120- CHP39- Endocrine Structure
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22 Terms
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin
corticotropin-releasing hormone
stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone
gonadotropin-releasing hormone
stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
growth hormone- releasing hormone
stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete gowrth hormone
prolactin-inhibiting hormone
inhibits anterior pituitary secretion of prolactin
somatostatin (growth hormone-inhibiting hormone)
Inhibits anterior pituitary secretion of growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone
pituitary gland
located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone
thyroid-stimulating hormone
thyroid gland growth and secretion of thyroid hormone
adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenal cortex growth and secretion of glucocorticoids
prolactin
synthesis of milk in females and increases sensitivity of LH in males
growth hormone
mitosis, differentiation, and growth of tissues
follicle-stimulating hormone
follicle growth and secretion of estrogen in ovaries and sperm production in testes
luteinizing hormone
ovulation and maintaining the corpus luteum in ovaries and secretion of testosterone in testes
antidiuretic hormone
water retention by kidneys to help prevent dehydration
oxytocin
feeling of sexual satisfaction and emotional bonding; labor contractions; milk ejection in lactating mothers
thyroid hormone
increases metabolic rate; accelerates to breakdown of food for fuel; alertness
calcitonin
Responds to high blood calcium by stimulating osteoclast activity to deposit calcium and form bone
parathyroid hormone
responds to low blood calcium by indirectly stimulating increased osteoclast activity to release calcium from bone; acts on the kidney cells to reabsorb calcium so less is eliminated in urine; stimulates final step in calcitriol synthesis by the kidneys
mineralocorticoids-aldosterone
sodium retention in body fluids and excretion of potassium in urine
glucocorticoids- cortisol
fat and protein breakdown; synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrates; help body adapt to stress; anti-inflammatory effect
sex steroids- androgens and estrogens
grwoth of secondary sexual characteristics