CHINESE HERITAGE

Chinese Heritage

One of the world’s oldest civilizations dating back more than six millenia

The people’srepublic of China (PRC)

political entities using name china, comprosing mainlans China, Hong Kong, and Macau

Republic of China

one of the political entities using the name China: administering Taiwan and its surrounding islands.

1,306,313,812 (TIME Almanac 2006) 

Population of China in Time Almanac 2006

Chinese

Generally small in stature but some can get over 6 ft. tall, small slanted eyes, thick and straight hair, and a flat face

True

Chinese Men do not have facial hair. True or False

Thalassemia

an inherited disease of the RBC  classified as  hemoglobinopathy. The genetic defect results in synthesis of an abnormal hemoglobin molecule.  The blood cells are vulnerable to mechanical injury and die easily.

Thalassemia

People with this kind of disease need blood transfusion at regular intervals to survive. 

Hantavirus

characterized by flu-like symptoms, fever, headache, hemorrhagic manifestations, shock and renal failure. Spread via rodent excreta.  

to high intake of vegetables and high fiber food. 

iverticulosis or inflammatory bowel disease (IDS) are uncommon due

Hypertension

leading CV risk factor due too frequent consumption of salty and spicy food 

Tin obacco consumption

major problem in rural China giving rise to increased incidence of lung disease. 

True

In China, Food meals have specific orders with focus on the balance for a healthy body.  True or False

grains, vegetables, fruit and meat. 

Chinese daily meal consists of four food groups:

Szechuan

Regional cuisine - food depends upon weather conditions: what is the chinese term where It means cold weather in China

Sliced fruit and bean curdplays a very important role in forming Chinese character and behavior.  Its purpose is to achieve harmony, considered the most important social value. 

Usual desserts of Chinese

Confucianism

plays a very important role in forming Chinese character and behavior.  Its purpose is to achieve harmony, considered the most important social value. 

sovereign-subject, father-son, elder- younger brother,  husband-wife, and friend-friend.

What are the 5 cardinal relations in confucianism

Family

unit is the center and comes before the individual. There is no Chinese equivalent for the word “self.” 

Extended Family

relatives expected to help each other; filial loyalty very strong. Elderly are viewed as very wise

Father

the undisputed head of the family. 

filial piety,

With regards to____ sons, especially the eldest son, have specific obligations towards the family and are expected to respect and care for parents. 

Female Gender

perpetuated to ensure male dominance in a society, female feticide common 

To maintain a happy and efficient home

What is the traditional role of women

“Me” Generatetion

new and changing orientation of young, educated Chinese men and women. 

Wang Ning

Who said “ We are more self-centered.  We live for ourselves, and that’s good.  We contribute to the economy.  That’s our power.”

Buddhism

a religious movement which originated in India. Religious precepts of the Buddha make up the tenets of this religion.

Taoism “Tao” or “The Way”

20 million followers mostly in Taiwan. refers to the ultimate being or ultimate truth, the power which envelopes, surrounds and flows through all things, living and non-living.  It regulates the natural processes and nourishes balance in the Universe and embodies the harmony of opposites, no love without hate, no light without dark, no male without female.  

Confucianism

named after the great Chinese emperor. Emphasis is on governance and family relations. 

Mandarin

official language of China spoken by 70% of the population 

Cantonese, Fujianese, Shanghainese, Taoishanese, and Humanese

Other Dialects of Chinese

True

True or False. Chinese speak in a moderate to low voice although many times they sound loud. 

Silence. They avoid disagreeing or criticizing, especially in public

is held in high regard in China.  They want to contemplate without interruption. 

TRUE

• Non-family members should not touch the head of a child, especially an adult, as head is traditionally considered sacred. 

• By family members, patting gently on the shoulder or cheek shows affection for children 

• Friendship by the same sex – handholding or walking arm in arm. 

• Using feet t move objects, such as chairs or doors, are considered disrespectful to others.  they maintain a formal distance from each other, which is a form of respect

True or False. Chinese generally not a touching society especially with visitors. Hence, health care workers must know the meaning of touch.  

True

TRUE OR FALSE. they maintain a formal distance from each other, which is a form of respect

True.

Excessive eye contact may indicate impoliteness and rudeness, even threatening 

true or false, uncomfortable with face-to-face communication especially when there is direct eye contact 

True

• To show special respect, a slight bow may be given to the elderly or to government officials. 

• The whole open palm should be used in pointing rather than the index finger.   

• Beckoning to people should be done with the palm facing done instead of up. 

• Handshake – common greeting when meeting for the first time. 

True or False. Gestures – More reserved, gestures expressing emotions are comparatively less expressive. 

True

Emotional display- no public display of affection but open and demonstrative among family and friends. True or False

True

True or False. Addressed by their whole name or by their family name and title. To health care providers ask the person how they wish to be called

Group InteractionBody position while sitting/standing can be side by side or right angle arrangement because they feel uncomfortable facing each other.

facing each other directly, being closer, touching more, eye contact, and speaking more loudly, this is space used in  

True

Body position while sitting/standing can be side by side or right angle arrangement because they feel uncomfortable facing each other, this is when there is non-contact. True or False

Polychromic and Westerners as Monochromic

Time concept of Chinese is described as what?

True

True or False. Time is perceived as a dynamic wheel with circular movements and the present as a reflection of the eternal.  The wheel continually turns in an unforeseeable direction and individuals are expected to adjust to the present, which surrounds the rotating wheel, and seek harmonious relationship with their surroundings. 

Polychronic

time orientation adheres less rigidly to time as a distinct and linear entity, focuses on completion of the present, and often implements one activity at a time.

Philosophical beliefancient belief that the body is an

Many Chinese subscribe to fatalism, accepting things as they come. 

Monochronic

orientation to time emphasizes schedules, promptness, standardization of activities and synchronization with clocks. 

energy system of opposing forces of yin (negative energy, female, inactive  cold) and yang ( positive energy, male, active, hot). Every aspect of universe is a constant interplay of yin and yang

ancient belief that the body is an________

yin and yangChinese believe in feng shui

Illness results from an imbalance of

wind and water, which refers to art of location, orientation and design of physical structures in an effort to achieve harmony and balance. 

Chinese believe in feng shui which means

positive feng shui

wards of evil spirits and promotes good health and  prosperity. 

Acupuncture

insertion of an ultra-fine needing into meridian points or pathways of energy (chi) to balance energy 

Cupping.  

healing practice where heated cups to reduce stress, congestion and colds

Qi Jong

combines body movements, meditation, regulation of breathing to enhance the flow of chi and improve the circulation and enhance the immune system