metabole pathways enzymen

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11 Terms

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pentose fosfaat pathway

  1. glucose 6 fosfaat dehydrogenase: G6P → 6 fosfogluconolactone

  2. 6fosfogluconolactone hydrolase: 6 fosfogluconolactone→6 fosfogluconaat

  3. 6 fosfogluconaat dehydrogenase: 6 fosfogluconaat → ribulose 5P

  4. carbon shuffling:koolstoffen van suikers verwisselen (transaldolaste, transketolase) → ribose 5P

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cholesterol synthese

  1. acetyl CoA → 3hydroxy, 3methylglutaryl coenzyme A

  2. HMG CoA reductase: HMG CoA → mevalonaat

  3. mevalonaat → cholesterol

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glycogenolyse

  1. glycogeenfosforylase: afbraak lineaire ketens naar G1P

  2. debranching enzyme: afbraak vertakkingen

    • oligo α 1→4,α1→4 glucantransferase

    • amylo α1→6 glucosidase

  3. fosfoglucomutase: G1P→G6P

dan:

  • spier: glycolyse

    • lever: omzetting naar bloedglucose

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glycogeensynthese

  1. fosfoglucomutase: G6P →G1P

  2. UDP glucose pyrofosforylase: G1P + UTP → UDP-glucose

  3. autosfosforylatie glucogenine

  4. glycogeen synthase: lineaire verlening

  5. amylo α1→4α1→6 transglycosidase: vertakkingen

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ureumcyclus

  1. carbamoyl fosfaatsynthetase 1

  2. ornithine transcarbamylase

  3. argininosuccinaat synthetase

  4. argininosuccinaat lyase

  5. arginase I

  6. lever → bloed→ nier → urine

kost 3ATPs

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gluconeogenese

3 bypass reacties:

  1. pyruvaat → fosfoenolpyruvaat

    1. pyruvaatcarboxylase

    2. mitochondriaal malaat dehydrogenase complex

    3. malaat shuttle

    4. cytosolair malaat dehydrogenase complex

    5. PEP carboxykinase

  2. fructose 1,6 bisfosfaat → fructose 6 fosfaat

    • tandemenzyme: fructose 1,6 bisfosfatase

  3. glucose 6 fosfaat → glucose

    • glucose 6 fosfaat translocase

    • glucose 6 fosfatase

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vetzuursynthese

  1. citraat synthase: acetyl CoA + OAA → citraat

  2. citraat pyruvaat shuttle

  3. ATP citraat lyase: citraat → aceyl CoA + OAA

  4. acetyl CoA carboxylase: acetyl CoA → malonyl CoA

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chylomicron metabolisme

  1. apo B48 synthese

  2. chylomicron assembly: microsomal triglyceride transport protein

  3. ER → golgi → lymfe → bloedcirculatie

  4. modificatie: + Apo E en Apo C2

  5. LPL binding: TAG → FFA + glycerol

  6. lever

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Krebs cyclus

  1. pyruvaat dehydrogenase complex: pyruvaat →acetyl CoA

  2. citraat synthase: acetyl CoA → citraat

  3. isocitraat dehydrogenase: isocitraat → alfa-ketoglutaraat

  4. alfa-ketoglutaraat dehydrogenase complex: alfa ketoglutaraat → succinyl CoA

rendement: 12 ATP/acetyl CoA

  • 3 NADH (3ATP)

  • 1 FADH (2ATP)

  • 1 GTP

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glycolyse

  1. hexokinase IV, glucokinase: glucose → glucose 6P

  2. fosfofructokinase: fructose 6P → fructose 1,6 bisfosfaat

  3. fosfoenolpyruvaat → pyruvaat

anaeroob: lactaatdehydrogenase

aeroob: pyruvaatdehydrogenase complex

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oxidatieve fosforylering

  1. NADH dehydrogenase: NADH → NAD+

    co-enzyme Q

  2. succinaat dehydrogenase: FADH2 → FAD+

    co-enzyme Q

  3. complex III: co-enzyme Q → cytochroom C

  4. complex IV: cytochroom C→ complex IV

  5. complex V: ADP + Pi → ATP

per NADH: 10 H+ → 3ATP

per FADH2: 6H+ →2ATP