Chapter 7: Motivation and Emotion

Motivation

A need or desire that inspires behavior

Instinct

A complex, unlearned behavior throughout a species

Drive-Reduction Theory

A need dictates a drive, leading to behaviors to reduce the drive

Yerkes-Dodson Optimal Arousal Theory

Optimal arousal is crucial for motivation

Hierarchy of Motives- Maslow

Prioritizes motivation into 6 levels from physiological to self-transcendence needs

Set Point

The weight where the body's "thermostat" is set

Basal Metabolic Rate

The body's resting rate of energy use

Unit Bias

People eat more with larger plates

Sexual Response Cycle

Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Sexual Dysfunctions

Problems impairing sexual arousal or activity

Sex Hormones

Estrogen and testosterone influence physical characteristics and behavior

James-Lange Theory

Sensation of emotion precedes the emotion

Cannon-Bard Theory

Sensation of emotion and emotion occur simultaneously

Schachter-Singer Theory

Both physical and cognitive arousal are needed for emotion

Anorexia Nervosa

Maintaining a starvation diet despite being underweight

Bulimia Nervosa

Alternating between binge eating and purging

Binge-Eating Disorder

Significant binge eating episodes followed by distress and guilt