Trimester 2 General Physics Final

Electric Field

A region of space influenced by a charge or group of charges, where charged particles experience a force.

Right Hand Rule

A method to determine the direction of force or fields in magnetic contexts, involving the position of the thumb, fingers, and palm.

Magnetic Domains

Tiny regions within a metal that have magnetic fields; alignment of these domains can create magnetism.

Centripetal Force

The force directed toward the center of curvature of an object in circular motion.

Drift Speed

The average velocity of electrons moving along the length of a wire, which is slow due to collisions.

Charging by Induction

A method where a charged object causes a charge separation in a conductor without direct contact.

Mass vs. Weight

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on that mass.

Equivalent Resistance in Parallel

The equivalent resistance is less than the value of the smallest resistor in a parallel circuit.

Equivalent Resistance in Series

The equivalent resistance is greater than any of the individual resistors in a series circuit.

Soft Magnetic Materials

Materials that easily magnetize and demagnetize, like iron.

Hard Magnetic Materials

Materials that are difficult to magnetize but maintain their magnetic field, such as aluminum, nickel, and cobalt.

Electric Potential Energy Change

A charged particle loses potential energy when it moves with the electric field and gains potential energy when moving against it.

Magnetic Field Lines

Lines that represent the magnetic field direction; they start at the north pole and end at the south pole, cannot cross, and form closed loops.

Electric Field Strength Variation

As you move away from the source, the electric field strength decreases proportionally to the square of the distance.

Current

The flow of electrons in a circuit.

Conduction

A method of charging where charges flow from one object to another through direct contact.

Inertia

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, related to Newton's first law.

Friction in Circular Motion

The force that provides the centripetal force needed for an object to move in a circular path.

Geographic vs. Magnetic Poles

Geographic north is the magnetic south pole; field lines from magnets point from north to south.

Electric Field Inside a Conductor

The electric field inside a charged conductor is zero.

Rules of Magnetic Field Lines

They start at the north pole, end at the south pole, cannot cross, and exist in a number proportional to the charges.

Electron Speed Between Collisions

Electrons have high speeds between collisions in a conductor, despite having a slow drift speed overall.