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Old Republic
Period in Brazilian history before World War I.
Paulistas
Residents of São Paulo, influential in coffee production.
Valorization
Government program to stabilize coffee prices.
Merchant Houses
Foreign companies controlling Brazil's coffee trade.
Feudalistic
Socioeconomic system with landowning elites and peasants.
Monocultural
Economy reliant on a single crop, coffee.
Economic Theory: Classical Liberalism
Belief in minimal government intervention in the economy.
Export-Dependent
Economy reliant on exporting agricultural goods.
Import-Dependent
Economy reliant on imports for manufactured goods.
Commercial Dependence
Reliance on foreign control of commerce and banking.
Laissez faire economics
Economic system with minimal government interference.
Comparative advantage
Theory that countries should specialize in their strengths.
Extreme Federalism
Political system with strong state governments.
Oligarchic
Political power held by a small elite.
Coffee States
Regions in Brazil dominant in coffee production.
Economic Primacy of São Paulo
São Paulo's significant contribution to Brazil's economy.
Political Power
Control of national government by coffee-producing states.
Resentment of Other States
Opposition from northern states to coffee planters' dominance.
Overproduction
Excessive coffee supply leading to falling profits.
Government Intervention
State actions to stabilize coffee market.
Foreign Dependency
Reliance on foreign loans and markets.
Commercial Dependence
Dominance of foreign merchants in local trade.
Coffee Trade Structure
System favoring foreign merchants over local producers.
Effects of Coffee on Brazil
Coffee industry shaped political and economic landscape.
