THE-ENDOCRINE-SYSTEM-NERVOUS-SYSTEM-AND-REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM

Endocrine System

Controls body activities via hormones produced by glands affecting target cells.

Endocrine Glands

Glands that release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that release secretions through ducts.

Endocrinologist

Physician specializing in diagnosing diseases of the endocrine glands.

Pituitary Gland

Known as the 'Master Gland', it produces hormones and controls various glands.

Anterior Lobe

Part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones like Prolactin and TSH.

Posterior Lobe

Extension of the hypothalamus that secretes ADH and Oxytocin.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Hormone that decreases urine output to conserve water.

Oxytocin

Hormone that promotes milk letdown in lactating mothers.

Thyroid Gland

Located at the base of the neck, secretes hormones like thyroxine and calcitonin.

Hypothyroidism

Condition caused by an underactive thyroid gland, leading to decreased metabolic rate.

Cretinism

Condition resulting from severe hypothyroidism, characterized by physical and mental retardation.

Hyperthyroidism

Condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland.

Grave's Disease

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism.

Adrenaline

Known as the 'Emergency Hormone', secreted by the adrenal medulla.

Cortisol

Stress hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Cerebrum

Largest part of the brain responsible for higher brain functions.

Cerebellum

Part of the brain responsible for movement and motor coordination.

Hypothalamus

Regulates body temperature and manages emotions.

Medulla Oblongata

Regulates breathing and heartbeat, connected to the spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Composed of nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Nerve

Tissue that links the nervous system with different parts of the body.

Puberty

Period of physical changes in adolescents as they reach sexual maturity.

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Physical traits that develop in males and females during puberty.

Male Reproductive System

Produces male sex cells (sperm) and deposits sperm into the vagina.

Female Reproductive System

Produces female sex cells (eggs) and nurtures the development of young organisms.