Brain & Lobes

primary motor cortex

directs movement

Premotor cortex

chooses complex movement

Mirror neurons

copy and paste basically

Prefrontal cortex

socioemotional behavior
cognitive processes
movements in time and space
impulse control

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

connects and modulates other networks

Frontal lobe

reasoning, motor control, emotion, language

Broca's area

controls language

Phinease Gage

spike ran through his left frontal lobe. Was able to survive but personallity did 180 - became mean and unreliable

Parietal lobe

processes sensory information

Somatosensory cortex

processes touch, temperature, and pain

Temporal lobe

hearing, memory, emotion, and language

Auditory cortex

main area responsible for processing auditory information

Wernicke's area

language comprehension

What happens if you have damage to the Broca's area?

difficulty producing language

What happens if you have damage to the Wernicke's area?

unable to understand language

Occupital lobe

visual processing

Primary visual cortex

interprets visual input

Thamalus

sensory relay for the brain

Are all senses connected to the thalamus?

No, smell is the only sense not routed to the thamalus

Limbic system

emotion and memory

What system does smell do through?

Smell goes through the limbic system

Hippocampus

memory and learning

Hypothalamus

body temperature, blood pressure, appetite, sexual motivation and behavior

Amygdala

emotion & emotional memories

Midbrain

Region between the hindbrain and the forebrain

Reticular formation

regulates sleep, wakefulness, motor activity and arousal

Substantia nigra and Ventral regimental area

contains neurotransmitters that produce dopamine and critical for movement

Hindbrain

area connected to spinal cord

Medulla

controls heartbeat and breathing

Pons

sleep and arousal

Cerebellum

Balance and coordination

Functional MRI

detects changes in blood flow in the brain

MRI

causes hydrogen atoms to move

PET

picture of active brain

CT scan

x-ray photographs taken from different angles

Grey matter

cell bodies within the brain for memory

Cerebral cortex

surface of the brain

Gyri

ridges of the brain

Sulci

grooves in the brain

Longitudinal fissure

separates left and right hemispheres

Lateralizarion

concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions

Left brain controls...?

right side of the body

Right brain controls...?

left side of the body

Micheal Gazzaniga

Split brain research

Corpus callosum

connects the two hemispheres and allows communication between the two