2026 Science IV - Stats and Dates

Newton listed [#] laws that everything follows. (pg92)

3

If the electric and magnetic fields inside our eyes are oscillating at [#] times per second, then our eyes send a signal to our brain that tells us we are seeing the color red. (pg94)

400 trillion

If the frequency increases to [#] times per second, then we see it as yellow. (pg94)

500 trillion

A frequency of [#] times per second is green. (pg94)

600 trillion

A frequency of [#] times per second is blue. (pg94)

700 trillion

The frequency of a wave is measured in hertz (Hz), where 1 Hertz is [#] wavelengths per second. (pg97)

1

The speed of sound waves in air is typically around [#] meters per second ([#] mph). (pg97)

300; 760

The speed of light, on the other hand, is [#] meters per second. (pg97)

300 million

The speed of sound is still very fast, but the speed of light is literally [#] times faster. (pg97)

1 million

Light can travel through a vacuum just fine which is good news because we need the Sun’s light to be able to travel across the [#] miles of vacuum between the Sun and the Earth in order to warm up our planet. (pg98)

100 million

The wavelengths of the visible spectrum range from [#] nanometers (blue) to [#] nanometers (red). (pg98)

400; 700

A microwave oven has a miniature particle accelerator inside of it, which causes electrons to emit microwave radiation. The waves themselves are large in wavelength compared to visible light, but they are still smaller than [#] centimeters. (pg101)

1

X-rays were discovered in [YEAR] by Wilhem Röntgen, when he found that they were emitted by electrons accelerated by high voltages. (pg102)

1895

Most sources of light give off unpolarized light, where the light coming from the source is not polarized in any particular direction, and so roughly [FRACTION] of it will be vertical and [FRACTION] will be horizontal. (pg104)

1/2; 1/2

In the [PART-DECADE] to [PART-DECADE], inspired by Maxwell’s equations, Heinrich Hertz came up with the idea to send a wireless signal. (pg105)

mid-1880s; late-1880s

In [YEAR], Guglielmo Marconi invented the wireless telegraph and announced that he successfully sent the first wireless signal across the Atlantic. (pg105)

1901

Arecibo sent a powerful radio signal to the star cluster Messier [#] with an encoded message about humanity just in case there are any beings there to receive it. (pg105)

13

The James Webb Space Telescope, the largest space telescope ever built, which was launched in [MONTH, YEAR], primarily detects infrared radiation, allowing us to see inside vast nebulae that would otherwise be too opaque to see through with visible light. (pg106)

Dec, 2021

With LCDs, each picture element (pixel) has [#] glass plates, and in between these plates is sandwiched a gooey material that is not quite liquid, but not quite solid. (pg109)

2

To put it simply, each pixel is actually [#] pixels. (NAME THEM FRFR) (pg109)

3 (red, green, blue)

Semiconductors are comprised of a mixture of [#] materials that are not normally good conductors, but when they are combined together and exposed to an external voltage, they can act as a conductor. (pg110)

2

Solar panels have existed since the [PART-CENTURY], but they were expensive and niche. (pg111)

mid-20th

Even a mere [#] years ago, solar power was still seen as a small player in the effort toward carbon-neutral energy generation. (pg111)

10

If these trends keep up, solar power could be a dominant source of electricity powering homes by the [DECADE]. (pg111)

2030s

Einstein’s original [YEAR] paper on the theory of relativity that started it all was On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies. (pg117)

1905