Renal System -- Renal Pharmacology / Foley Catheter / Sample Collection

How do ARBs help in managing hypertension? (interrupting the RAAS system)

By blocking the action of angiotensin II at its receptor sites

A patient with hypertension is prescribed Enalapril. What lab value is important to monitor?

Serum potassium levels

Losartan is prescribed for a patient who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors. Which side effect of ACE inhibitors most likely prompted this change?

Persistent dry cough

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) is started on captopril. What is the rationale for using an ACE inhibitor in this patient?

To decrease preload and afterload

A patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) is prescribed torsemide. What is the primary reason for using loop diuretics in this condition?

To reduce fluid overload and edema

For which of the following conditions are loop diuretics like bumetanide commonly prescribed?

Edema associated with heart failure

A patient is receiving furosemide therapy. What electrolyte imbalance is the nurse most concerned about?

hypokalemia

For which condition are thiazide diuretics commonly prescribed?

Edema associated with heart failure; hypertension

A patient is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin. What should the nurse monitor closely?

Serum potassium level

A patient is prescribed spironolactone for hypertension. The nurse should prioritize monitoring for which of the following

Hyperkalemia

Which statement by a patient indicates a need for further teaching about spironolactone therapy?

A) "I should avoid foods high in potassium."
B) "I will report any muscle weakness or irregular heartbeat."
C) "I can take a potassium supplement if needed."
D) "I need to monitor my weight daily."

"I can take a potassium supplement if needed."

What should the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient taking Diuretics?

A) Encourage a high-sodium diet.
B) Monitor for signs of hyperglycemia.
C) Assess for signs of hypocalcemia.
D) Monitor blood pressure regularly.

Answer: D) Monitor blood pressure regularly.

Normal Hourly Urine output rate

30 mL/hr

Which action should a nurse take to collect a urine sample from a patient with a foley catheter?

A) Insert a needle directly into the drainage bag

B) Disconnect the catheter from the drainage system

C) Use a sterile container to collect urine from the port on the foley catheter

D) Wait until the catheter is removed to collect a urine sample

Answer: C) Use a sterile container to collect urine from the port on the foley catheter

What is the main reason for emphasizing the removal of foley catheters as soon as possible?

A) To reduce healthcare costs

B) To prevent patient discomfort

C) To prevent CAUTIs (catheter-associated urinary tract infections)

D) To allow patients to ambulate more freely

Answer: C) To prevent CAUTIs (catheter-associated urinary tract infections)

What does the nurse use to clean the peri-urethral area before inserting a foley catheter?

A) Alcohol swabs

B) Betadine (povidone-iodine)

C) Chlorhexidine solution

D) Soap and water

Answer: B) Betadine (povidone-iodine)

What should the nurse prioritize when caring for a patient with a foley catheter to prevent skin breakdown?

A) Applying a protective barrier cream around the catheter insertion site

B) Ensuring the catheter tubing is secured with tape

C) Changing the catheter drainage bag weekly

D) Keeping the catheter site dry and clean

Answer: D) Keeping the catheter site dry and clean

Which medication is an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)?

Losartan