Chemistry - Unit 8 Organic IUPAC

Alcohol

-OH (Class)

Aldehyde

C=O (carbonyl at the end of the carbon chain) (Class)

Alkane

Hydrocarbon, all single bonds (Class)

Alkene

carbon to carbon double bond (Class)

Alkyne

carbon to carbon triple bond (Class)

Amide

-CONH2, -CONHR, -CONR2 (Class) bonded to carbon chain after

Amine

-NH2 (Class) no carbon bond after

Phenyl

C6H5- (Functional Group for benzene)

Ester

-COOC/ -COOR (Class)

Ether

-OR (alkoxy group) (Class)are in the middle of the carbon chain

Ketone

-C=O (carbonyl group in the middle of a carbon chain) (Class)

Halogenoalkane

-F

- Cl

- Br

- I (class)

Hydroxyl

-OH (Functional Group)

-ol/ anol

-OH (IUPAC suffix)

alkenyl

C=C bond (Functional Group for alkenes)

-ene

C=C (IUPAC suffix)

Alkene (general formula)

CnH2n

Alkane (general formula)

CnH2n+2

Alkynyl

Carbon-to-carbon triple bond (functional group for alkynes)

Carbonyl (A)

CHO (functional group for aldehyde)

Carbonyl (K)

RCOR' functional group for ketones

Carboxyl acid

COOH (functional group) end of the chain

Carboxyl

COOC, RCOOR (functional group at the end of carbon chain)

Alkoxy

ROR' (functional group for ethers)

Amido

CONH2 (functional group for amide)

Amino

-NH2 (functional group for amine)

-yne

Carbon-to-carbon triple bond (IUPAC suffix)

-oxyalkane

ROR (IUPAC suffix for ether class)

-al, -anal

CHO (IUPAC suffix for aldehyde)

-one, -anone

RCOR (IUPAC suffix for ketone’s)

-oic acid, anoic acid

COOH (IUPAC suffix for carboxylic acid)

-anoate

COOC, RCOOR (IUPAC suffix for carboxyl ester)

-anamide

CONH2 (IUPAC suffix for amide)

-anamine

NH2 (IUPAC suffix for amine)

amino-

NH2 (IUPAC prefix for amine)

Halogeno-

Halogen (IUPAC prefix)

CnH2n+2O

Alcohol & ether (general formula)

CnH2nO

Aldehyde & Ketone (general formula)

CnH2nO2

Carboxylic acid & Ester (egenral formula)

CnH2n-2

Alkyne (general formula)

how are esters formed

esters form when the alkyl group of an alcohol replaces the hydrogen of a carboxylic acid in a condensation reaction