disease classification and categories

topographic (classification)

by bodily region or system

anatomic (classification)

by organ or tissue

physiological

by function or effect

pathological (classification)

by nature of disease process

etiological (classification)

casual

topographic

gastrointestinal diseases, vascular disease

anatomic

heart disease, kidney disease

physiological

respiratory disease, metabolic disease

pathological

neoplastic disease, inflammatory disease

etiological

syphilis, meningitis, pneumonia

degenerative diseases

causes the function of the tissues, organs or body structure to decline over time

degenerative diseases

ALS, Alzehimers, Osteoarthritis, multiple sclerosis, parkinsons

inflammatory diseases

compromises a large and diverse group of diseases

• usually the immune systems reaction is the cause of the inflammation

  • some cancers are associated with chronic inflammation

inflammatory diseases

Alzheimer's, Asthma, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cancer

Autoimmune Diseases

when the body’s immune system turns on itself, leading to chronic inflammation

Autoimmune

Lupus, Type 1 Diabetes, psoriasis, Alopecia

Genetic/Hereditary Diseases

passed down by one or both parents through your genes

Genetic/Hereditary

Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, Down syndrome, Hemophilia

Congenital Diseases

diseases present at birth. They can be caused by genetic mutations. chromosomal abnormalities, environmental exposure during pregnancy and maternal health conditions

Congenital

Spina Bifida, Neural Tube Defects, Down syndrome, Congenital Heart Disease

Metabolic Diseases

affect the body’s ability to process and use energy from food. Can be inherited or acquired

inherited conditions

PKU (phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs

Acquired

diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Gout

Neoplastic Diseases

any disease that involved an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells, leading to the formation of a neoplasm or a tumor.

• They can be benign (fibroids) or malignant (lymphoma)

• lipomas, cysts

Infectious Disease

occurs from a person having contact with specific viruses, fungi, parasites, bacteria, or toxins

• two types: communicable and noncommunicable

communicable diseases

caused by viruses or bacteria that people spread to one another through contact with contaminated surfaces, bodily fluids, blood products, insect bites, or through the air

• Key Word: TRANSMISSIBLE

Communicable

Flu, Mono, Herpes, Stomach Virus, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis

Noncommunicable Diseases

they cannot spread from person to person

• some NCDs can be caused by infections

• underlying infections can lead to chronic diseases like liver cancer and cervical cancer, making them NCDs with an infectious origin

Noncommunicable

Lyme disease, Tetanus, Cancer, Rabies