Judaism Beliefs✅

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Nature of G-d

• G-d is one

• Law giver

• Judge

• Creator

Quote for G-d is one

God began to create heaven and earth” - Genesis, Torah

How does G-d being creator influence Jews today

• Jews do shabbat because G-d rested on the secenth day when he created the world

• Jews treat the earth with respect (tikkun olam) because it is a gift from G-d

What do Jews believe about free will and evil

• They think G-d created evil

• But he also created free will, to make people make their own choices between good and bad

What do Jews believe about inequality

• G-d is a sustainer

• He has provided enough resources on land for every person to be fed

• However inequality is a result of people on earth using their free will the wrong way

How is G-d a lawgiver

• He gave Moses the Ten Commandments

• The Torah contains 613 mitzvot

How is G-d judge

• Jews think G-d gave them laws to follow and he judges them for how well they follow these rules

• G-d has a loving and merciful nature so his judgement are always fair

When does Judgement happen

• Rosh Hashanah - G-d judges people for their actions over the past year and decides what the coming year will bring them

• After death - Some Jews believe everyone will be judged after death by G-d, so he can choose where they spend their afterlife

What is the divine presence

• The Shekinah

• God's presence on earth

Evidence of divine presence

• The Tenakh mentions that Jews were led to Canaan by a pillar of fire or a cloud

• These could be manifestations of the Shekinah

What is one Jewish believe about after life (GE + S)

• Some Jews believe in Gan Eden (paradise) and Sheol (a place of waiting where their souls are cleansed)

• There is no clear teaching what paradise is like

What is one Jewish belief about life after death (J + R)

• Some Jews believe they will be judged as soon as they die, or on the Day of Judgement after the Messiah comes

• On the Day of Judgement some Jews will go to Gan Eden and some will go to Sheol

Quote for Day of Judgement

"Many of those that sleep int the dust of the earth will awake, some to eternal life, others to reproaches"

Why do many Jews reject ideas of resurrection or an afterlife

They believe it better to focus on the present, and living in a way that pleases G-d

Where does the Messiah originate from

In the Thirteen Principles of Faith, one of them is "the belief in the messiah and the messianic age"

Nature of the Messiah (Orthodox)

• Chosen by G-d once they are born

• Great warrior

• Peace maker

• Descendent of King David

• He will bring the Jews back to Israel - Ingathering of the Exiles

Quote for nature of the Messiah

"They shall never again know war" - Micah, Tenakh

What do Reform Jews think about the Messiah

• There won't be a person, just a Messianic age

• They think the Messianic Age will be achieved if people work together to achieve peace, not by one person being born

What were the conditions in G-d's covenant with Abraham

• Move to Canaan since this was the “promised land” for his descendants

• Only worship one God

• Circumcise all the boys

Quote for promised land in G-d's covenant with Abraham

"I give all the land you see to you and your offspring forever" - Genesis, Torah

How does Abraham's covenant affect Jews today

• It means Jews think they were specially chosen by G-d to be his people

• They do circumcision

At what time did Jews receive the Ten Commandments

• 400 years after Abraham's covenant

• While the Jews were slaves in Egypt

What are 6 of the Ten Commandments

• You shall have no other gods besides me

• Remember the Sabbath day

• Honour your father and mother

• You shall not murder

• You shall not commit adultery

• You shall not steal

How does the Ten Commandments impact Jews today

• The terms of the covenant were that G-d would protect the Jews from harm if they obeyed his laws

• This is why Jews believe they were G-d's chosen people

What the three Key Moral Principles

Justice, Healing the world, Treating people with kindness

Quote for justice

"let justice flow like a river and righteousness like an unfailing stream" - Book of Amos, Tenakh

What do Jews believe about the Torah and the prophets?

Jews believe that the Torah and the prophets were sent by God to help people understand and bring about justice in a way that demonstrates mercy.

What guidance does the Torah provide about justice

The Torah gives important guidance on the treatment of the poor and vulnerable, ensuring justice for them as well as for the rich and powerful.

How do Jews view justice and the suffering of others?

For Jews, there is never any reason to ignore justice or the suffering of others.

What is healing the world

Tikkun olam

Examples of tikkun olam

• Volunteering at charities that help the poor

• Helping protect the environment

• However it is broader than just charity work; it also includes obeying the mitzvot

 

Charities that do Tikkun olam

• GIFT donates food parcels to families in the UK

• They delivered 39,000 food parcels in 2022

• They also organise hospital visits and help school children

Where in the Torah does it say to treat people with kindness (quote)

“Love your fellow as yourself” - Leviticus, Torah

What is the belief of sanctity of life

• Jews believe that humans were made in the image of G-d and they were breathed life into by G-d

• This means they think life is sacred

How does the belief in the sanctity of life affect Jewish beliefs about ending a life

• Jews think only G-d has the right to take away life

• This is why Jews don't do active euthanasia or murder

• Some Jews think patients should be kept alive at all costs, whereas others think you shouldn't prolong a natural death if the patient is in pain

Quote for destroying a life

"He who destroys the soul of one human being, the Scripture considers him as if he should destroy a whole world"

What is pikauch nefesh

The concept that saving a life is more important than any other mitzvot

What is free will

• The idea that G-d gave Jews free will so they can choose how to live their life

• This is so people can choose between good and evil

• And it makes them aware that 'evil' actions have consequences

Why do Jews follow the 613 mitzvot

• To get closer to G-d

• To maintain good relationships with others

What are the mitzvot between man and G-d

• The first 4 of the Ten Commandments governs your relationship with G-d

• This includes things like not worshiping idols, observing Shabbat etc

• In the Tenakh food laws and worship laws are in place to help improve your relationship with G-d

What are the mitzvot between man and man

• In the Torah it says you should love your neighbour

• You cannot love G-d if you don't love other people

• They include things like how to treat others and how to settle disputes