science laws of motion

Free body diagram

a drawing that shows all forces acting on an object

arrow represents the

forces

point/shape represents the

object

balanced force

zero net force, object’s motion doesnt change, zero acceleration, constant velocity, at rest

Unbalanced force

Non-zero netforce, objects motion change, acceleration, speed/direction changes

Scalar

Only a magnitude

Vector

Magnitude w direction

Netforce

Total force acting on an object,

Friction

A force that resists The motion of objects when they move or try to move over a surface

Smoother friction results in

Less friction

Rougher surface results in

More friction

Aristotle

A student of Plato and the tutor of Alexander the great

Aristotle’s theory

“A constant force was required to keep a moving object at a steady speed and extra force is necessary for acceleration.

Galileo galilei

He argued that an object can move freely in an absence of friction.

Isaac newton

Famous for discovering the laws of motion, and agrees with Galileos theory

Law of inertia

“An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net force”

Inertia

The tendency of an motion to resist changes in their motion

Mass

Amount of material in a body

Weight

Acted upon a force by gravity

Law of acceleration

“The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and it's mass”

Acceleration

Any change in velocity including speeding up, slowing down, changing direction

Force

(F) Push or pull, unit: newton (N)

Mass

(m) amount of matter, unit: kg

Acceleration

(a) change in velocity, unit: m/s2

Acceleration is directly proportionate to

Force

Acceleration is inversely proportionate to

Mass

Force formula

F=ma

Mass formula

M= f/a

Acceleration formula

A=f/m

Law of interaction/ law of action and reaction

“For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction”

Action force

The force applied by one object

Reaction force

The force exerted back by the second object

Forces:

• Act on different objects

• Occur in pairs

• Are equal in size

• Move on opposite directions

Action and reaction happen at:

The same time