Mood Disorders and Suicide Flashcards

Flashcards about Mood Disorders and Suicide

Mood Disturbance

Emotional state marked by great sadness.

Cognitive Disturbance

Self-criticism and self-blame are examples of this type of disturbance.

Physiological disturbance

Loss of sleep and appetite are examples of this type of disturbance.

Mania

An emotional state of intense but unfounded elation.

Mania

Being excessively talkative and difficult to interrupt are symptoms of this mood state.

Mania

Grandiose thinking and little need for sleep are symptoms of this mood state.

Nearly 8%

Percentage of adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder in a given year.

30 and 40

Age range when people are most likely to develop their first depressive episode.

Women

Major Depressive Disorder is twice as common in this demographic.

Symptom of Major Depressive Disorder

Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities.

Symptom of Major Depressive Disorder

Significant weight loss or gain when not dieting.

Symptom of Major Depressive Disorder

Insomnia or hypersomnia.

Symptom of Major Depressive Disorder

Recurrent thoughts of death.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Mood lability, irritability, dysphoria, and anxiety symptoms occurring premenstrually.

1.3%

The estimated prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in the US.

Postpartum Depression

Major depression during pregnancy or in the first four weeks after childbirth.

23%

Percentage of Canadian mothers reporting feelings consistent with postpartum depression or an anxiety disorder.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

A specifier of Major Depressive Disorder, not a discrete diagnosis.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Full remittance is necessary during other seasons in this disorder.

Canadian Arctic

Highest rates of Seasonal Affective Disorder are found here

Bipolar 1 Disorder

Involves recurring mood episodes but requires at least one manic episode for diagnosis.

Bipolar 2 Disorder

Characterized by recurring mood episodes of major depression and hypomania.

Mid-20s

The average age of onset for Bipolar 2 disorder.

About 4.4%

The prevalence rate for bipolar disorder.

Persistent Mood Disorders

Symptoms that last for at least 2 years but are not severe enough for MDD.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Numerous alternating periods of hypomania and depression.

2.5%

Lifetime prevalence of cyclothymic disorder.

Persistent Depressive Disorder

Mild to moderate depressed moods most of the day for at least two years.

4.6%

The lifetime prevalence of Persistent Depressive Disorder

Double Depression

Experiencing episodes of MDD on top of persistent depressive disorder.

Psychoanalytic Theory of Depression

Theory that depression begins in early childhood during the oral period.

Oral Period

In the psychoanalytic view, this stage relates to dependancy and rejection

Beck's Theory of Depression

Theory of depression that focuses on negative interpretations.

Negative Triad

Negative views of self, the world, and the future.

Arbitrary Inference

Drawing conclusions without sufficient evidence.

Selective Abstraction

Focusing on one negative detail while ignoring the bigger picture.

Overgeneralization

Making broad generalizations from a single event.

Magnification and Minimization

Exaggerating the importance of negative events and minimizing positive ones.

Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II)

Self-report scale used to assess major depressive disorder.

Learned Helplessness

Passivity and sense of being unable to control one's life due to unpleasant experiences.

Attribution and Learned Helplessness

Revised theory of learned helplessness involving global, stable, and internal factors.

Learned Hopelessness

Can deal with the comorbidity of depression and anxiety disorders

Interpersonal Theory of Depression

Theory that emphasizes the role of social support in depression.

35%

Heritability estimate for depression.

Serotonin transporter gene-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR)

Gene being considered in relation to depression.

Serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine

Neurotransmitters implicated in depression and mania.

Limbic area

Brain area that affects the hypothalamus which controls hormone release.

Cortisol

Increased levels of this in depressed patients

Psychological Therapies for Mood Disorders

Therapies such as psychodynamic, cognitive, and mindfulness-based.

Biological Therapies for Mood Disorders

Electroconvulsive therapy and drug therapy.