Astronomy - Final Exam

Hydrostatic Equilibrium with respect to the Sun is the balance between…?

Gravity and Gas Pressure

When 6 Hydrogen Nuclei become 1 Helium Nuclei as well as some other stuff is known as…?

The Proton-Proton Chain Process

The Photosphere of the Sun is what we call the…?

Visible Surface of the Sun

Energy is related Mathematically to Mass (E=M___) by…?

The Speed of Light Squared (C²)

The X and Y axes of the HR Diagram are a measure of…?

Temperature and Luminosity

If Star A has an Absolute Magnitude of 4 and an Apparent Magnitude of 2 and Star B has an Absolute Magnitude of 2 and an Apparent Magnitude of 2, which Star is closer to Earth?

Star A

The Luminosity of a Star is directly related to all of the following except…?

Rotation Speed

Broad Absorption Lines in the Spectra of a Star might indicate…?

It is Small in Radius

When Stars accumulate too much Helium in the Core they begin to…?

Grow in Size

Stars that do not have enough Luminosity to fuse heavy elements are known as…?

Low Mass Stars

HII Regions, Planetary Nebulae and Supernova Remnants won't collapse into Stars because they…?

Don't have the right Materials (idk?)

The Helium Flash is when the Core of a Star becomes hot enough that…?

Helium fuses into Carbon (idk?)

Most of the Elements we see on the Periodic Table other than Hydrogen and Helium come from…?

The Lives and Deaths of Stars

If Light does not have Mass, how can Gravity affect the Path of Light?

Heavy Masses warp Spacetime causing Light to have it's Path Deflected

What happens if you fuse Two Elements heavier than Iron?

They Lose Energy

Eventually High Mass Stars are unable to continue Fusion of heavier and heavier Elements when they…?

Accumulate too much Iron in their Cores

Elliptical Galaxies tend to be larger and have…?

Little to No Stars

Spiral Galaxies tend to be smaller and…?

Younger

Irregular Galaxies don't fit into our usual Classification Scheme because they may have recently…?

Merged with another Galaxy

By measuring the Period of a Variable, Star Astronomers can estimate the _ of the Star?

Luminosity

Galaxies can evolve by…?

Stealing Gas/Stars from other Galaxies

As the Universe gets Smaller in the Past it gets Hotter because…?

Radiation dominates the Universe

We call Dark Matter because…?

It does Not give off Light

The Universe growing at an Accelerated Rate is caused by…?

Dark Energy

Could the Universe have existed before The Big Bang?

Yes

The Super Rapid Expansion of the Early Universe is called?

Inflation

At the kind of Temperatures we expect during the Big Bang Event…?

The Four Fundamental Forces will be combined into One Force

The Universe becomes Ionized again once…?

It Cools down enough to form Neutral Hydrogen