MLT 111 (Ch. 8, 9, 10-17)

CLSI recommends synovial fluid to be collected in:

1 tube

3 tubes

4 tubes

2 tubes

3 tubes

CSF stands for…?

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

Chemical analysis of CSF shows that the fluid contains:

a. Plasma chemicals in the same concentration as in the plasma

b. Fewer chemicals than are found in plasma

c. More chemicals than are found in plasma

d. Plasma chemicals in concentrations different from those in the plasma

d. Plasma chemicals in concentrations different from those in the plasma

Differentiation of Exudate Vs Transudates is important, if it is transudate little further testing is required. This statement is:

Incorrect or Correct

Correct

Semen analysis on post-vasectomy patients should be performed:

Within 1 week post-vasectomy

Until two consecutive monthly specimens show no sperm

Until two consecutive monthly specimens show no viable sperm

Within 1 month post-vasectomy

Until two consecutive monthly specimens show no sperm

The function of serous fluid is to:

Provide lubrication for the serous membranes

Remove excess fluid from body cavities

Provide nutrients to the serous membranes

Protect organs from trauma

Provide lubrication for the serous membranes

The third tube of CSF collected from a lumbar puncture should be used for:

Cytology examination

Hematology tests

Chemistry tests

Microbiology tests

Hematology tests

Which of the following body fluid and collection procedure WRONGLY matched

Peritoneal fluid - Paracentesis

Pleural fluid - Thoracentesis

CSF – Lumbar puncture

Pericardial fluid - Asciticentesis

Pericardial fluid - Asciticentesis

Which of the following is most often associated with the formation of a transudate?

Pancreatitis

Congestive heart failure

Peritonitis

Malignancy

Congestive heart failure

Which is not a true statement describing synovial fluid?

It acts as a lubricant.

It supplies nourishment to cartilage.

It is found only in the knee.

It surrounds all joints in the body.

It is found only in the knee.

If CSF tubes numbered 2 and 3 cannot be analyzed within 1 hour, the correct procedure is to:

Leave both tubes at room temperature

Refrigerate tube 2 and freeze tube 3

Refrigerate both tubes

Refrigerate tube 3 and leave tube 2 at room temperature

Refrigerate tube 3 and leave tube 2 at room temperature

CSF Tube collection; order, department and preservation method…

Hematology, Chemistry/Serology and Microbiology

1. Chemistry/Serology; freeze it

2. Microbiology; room temperature

3. Hematology; refrigerate

Which of the following disorders is caused by the failure to inherit the gene for producing phenylalanine hydroxylase?

porphyria

Phenylketonuria

Alkaptonuria

Maple syrup Urine Disease

Phenylketonuria

What is a common cause of end-stage renal disease?

polysystic kidney disease

Acute kidney injury

Nephrolithiasis

Chronic glomerulonephritis

Chronic glomerulonephritis

Which of the following amino acids is not associated with Maple Syrup Urine Disease?

Valine

Tyrosine

Isoleucine

Leucine

Tyrosine

Which of the following is a common symptom of Maple Syrup Urine Disease in newborns?

Hyperactivity and rapid weight gain

Seizures and mental retardation

A strong odor of maple syrup in urine

Darkening of urine on exposure to air

A strong odor of maple syrup in urine

Which of the following tests is used for newborn screening of Phenylketonuria (PKU)?

Guthrie blood test

Ferric chloride test

Watson-Schwartz test

Silver nitrate test

Guthrie blood test

Which of the following diseases primarily affects the glomerulus?

Glomerulonephritis

Pyelonephritis

Urethritis

Cystitis

Glomerulonephritis

Upon micrscopic examination you are likely to see WBCs, RBCs, bacteria, and WBC casts in pyelonephritis. 

True

False

True

Membranous glomerulonephritis is defined as thickening of the glomerulus membrane caused by immune complex deposits. 

True

False

True

Which test uses ferric chloride to produce a blue-green color for detecting phenylpyruvic acid in urine?

Ferric Chloride test

Silver nitrate test

DNPH test

Guthrie test

DNPH test

The presence of oval fat bodies in urine sediment and 3+ protein on the chemical analysis is significant for:

chronic kidney disease

Acute kidney injury 

Nephrotic syndrome

chronic glomerulonephritis

Nephrotic syndrome

what crystal would you find in a synovial fluid if the patient has gout?

monosodium urate(MSU)

Synovial fluid is found where?

in joints

A transudate is a clear serous fluid with a SG <1.015 and a WBC count <1000/ul. Associated with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome and requires no further testing.

True

Extrudates affect membranes and cause inflammation, infection, malignancy and require further testing—- SG of >1.015. Fluid is yellow, red, brown or green in color. Is this true?

True

What is described?

• colorless and clear

• <1.015 sg

• Non-inflammatory; no further testing

Transudate

What is described?

• yellow, brown, green, red in color ; cloudy

• >1.015 sg

• inflammatory and requires further testing

Extrudates

What am I describing?

• colorless/pale yellow ; clear

• No crystals

• average viscosity

• It’s found in all joints

synovial fluid (normal)

Monosodium urate crystals is found in what illnesses?

Gout

Cholesterol crystals is found in what illness?

Chronic effusions — rheumatoid arthritis

Calcium pyrophosphate crystals is found in what illness?

Pseudogout