Language Disorders and Milestones of Language Development

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding language disorders and milestones in language development, focusing on infancy and toddlerhood.

What are major development milestones that occur in infancy?

Significant events include receptive language abilities that begin from birth, infant speech perception skills, and pre-linguistic and linguistic developments.

What is a late talker?

A child who exhibits early delays in expressive language, producing fewer than 50 words by age 2.

What increases the likelihood of being a late talker?

Being male, being born earlier than 37 weeks gestation, or being born with low birth weight.

At what age do toddlers typically experience a vocabulary spurt?

Between 18-24 months, during which they can learn 7 to 9 new words per day.

What is the average length of utterance (MLU)?

The average length in morphemes of children’s utterances, used to evaluate language skills against peers.

What are Brown's stages of syntactic development focused on?

Stages ranging from single-word utterances to complex sentences, assessing grammatical development.

What is overextension in language use?

When a toddler’s definition of a word is too broad, extending it to words in the same category.

What is under-extension in language use?

When a toddler’s definition of a word is too narrow and limited compared to adult usage.

What skills do toddlers demonstrate in language use?

They initiate conversations but struggle to sustain them and may not keep their audience’s needs in mind.

How does birth order affect language development?

First born children generally have more advanced lexical and grammatical development than later born children.

What are two achievements in morphology during toddlerhood?

Combining words to form longer utterances and beginning to use grammatical morphemes.

What is the significance of echolalia in toddlers?

It is the repetition of words or phrases and shows language learning and emotional content.

What are common types of pronouns used by children by 36 months?

Pronouns I, you, and me, although they may still confuse I and me.

What do children typically understand by 48 months?

They understand simple commands and can identify familiar animals and colors.

How should a 60-month-old child be able to use language?

They should construct longer sentences, use descriptive words, and understand time concepts.