convex\concave and rolls\glides of exam 2 (functional)

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

convex condyle of the mandible fit loosely within the concave mandibular fossa

TMJ hinging\rotational movement

convex mandibular condyle rolls relative to the inferior surface of the disc

TMJ translational movement

convex mandibular condyle and disc essentially slide together

TMJ protrusion

convex mandibular condyle and disc translate anteriorly

TMJ retrusion

convex mandibular condyle and disc translate posteriorly

TMJ lateral excursion

side to side of the convex condyle and disc within concave fossa (associated with slight rotation)

TMJ early phase (35-50%) full mouth opening

convex condyle rolls posteriorly on the concave inferior surface of the disc (primarily rotation)
rolls the mandible inferiorly and posteriorly

TMJ late phase (50-65%) full mouth opening

convex condyles of the mandible and disc glide anteriorly and inferiorly on the mandibular fossa (primarily translation)

TMJ closing of the mouth

anterior\superior roll and posterior\inferior glide

hip joint (open chain)

convex femoral head moves on concave acetabulum

hip joint (closed chain)

concave acetabulum moves on convex femoral head

OC hip flexion

convex femoral head rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly on concave pelvis

OC hip extension

convex femoral head rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly on concave pelvis

OC hip abduction

convex femoral head rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly on concave pelvis

OC hip adduction

convex femoral head rolls inferiorly and glides superiorly on concave pelvis

OC hip external rotation

convex femoral head rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly on concave pelvis

OC hip internal rotation

convex femoral head rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly on concave pelvis

what happens to the arthokinematics of the hip during closed chain movements?

follows the concave rule (rolls and glides in the same direction)

tibiofemoral joint (open chain)

concave tibial plateau\menisci moves on convex femoral condyles

tibiofemoral joint (closed chain)

convex femoral condyles moves on concave tibial plateau\menisci

OC tibiofemoral extension

concave tibia rolls and glides anteriorly on convex femur

OC tibiofemoral flexion

concave tibial rolls and glides posteriorly on convex femur

CC tibiofemoral extension

convex femur rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly on concave tibia

CC tibiofemoral flexion

convex femur rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly on concave tibia

patellofemoral joint

posterior convex articular surface of patella moves on concave interocondylar groove of femur

OC patellofemoral extension

patella glides superiorly on femur

OC patellofemoral flexion

patella glides inferiorly on femur

CC patellofemoral motion

femur slides against the patella

proximal tibiofibular joint

head of fibula and the postero-lateral aspect of lateral condyle of tibia

talocrural joint

convex trochlear surface and sides of talus moves on concave distal ends of the tibia and fibula

OC talocrural dorsiflexion

convex talus rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly on concave tibia and fibula

OC talocrural plantar flexion

convex talus rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly on concave tibia and fibula

OC talocrural supination

talus inverts, adducts, and plantar flexes

OC talocrural pronation

talus everts, abducts, and dorsiflexes

what happens to the arthrokinematics of the talocrural joint during closed chain movements?

follows the concave rule (same roll and glide)

subtalar joint

concave posterior facet of talus moves on the convex posterior facet of calcaneus

OC subtalar supination

calcaneus inverts and adducts

OC subtalar pronation

calcaneus everts and abducts

CC subtalar supination

calcaneus inverts, talus abducts and dorsiflexes, tibia externally rotates

CC subtalar pronation

calcaneus everts, talus adducts and plantar flexes, tibia internally rotates

what joints make up the transverse tarsal joint?

talonavicular joint and calcaneocuboid joint

talonavicular joint

concave navicular moves on the convex head of the talus

calcaneocuboid joint

between calcaneus and cuboid
each articular surface is partly concave and partly convex

metatarsophalangeal joints

concave proximal phalanx moves on convex head of metatarsal

interphalangeal joints

concave base of distal phalanx moves on convex head of proximal phalanx