Key terms chapter 7 part one

1--36

aggregation

process in which additional platelets stick to endothelial cells and platelets.

albumin

principal protein in blood plasma.

allergy

inappropriately severe immune reaction to an otherwise harmless substance.

anticoagulant

additive that prevents blood clotting.

antigens

marker on the surface of foreign cells; substance that provokes an immune response.

aorta

artery leaving the heart at the left ventricle, supplying the systematic circulation.

aortic semilunar valve

valve that separates the left ventricle from the aorta

Arteries

largest of the blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

arterioles

smaller of the blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart.

Atria (also known as atrium)

an upper chamber of the heart

Autoimmunity

condition in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

B cells

antibody-producing cell

basillic vein

prominent vein in the antecubital fossa.

basophils

a type of granulocyte.

bicuspid valve

also known as the mitral valve or left atrioventricular valve.

cephalic vein

prominent vein on the lateral side of the antecubital fossa.

coronary arteries

arteries supplying the heart muscle.

Diastole

relaxation portion of the cardia cycle.

Disseminated Intravascular

Coagulation (DIC)

condition in which blood clots form abnormally in the circulatory system.

Electrolytes

ions in the plasma or interstitial fluid.

endocardium

inner layer of the heart

Eosinophils

a type of phagocyte granulocyte.

epicardium

Outer layer of the heart

erythrocyte

Red blood cells

Fibrin

Fibrous plasma protein that forms clots.

Fibrinogen

inactive form of fibrin, the clotting protein.

Fibrinolysis

process in which fibrin is broken down slowly; prevents blood clots from growing and becoming problematic.

Granulocytes

a type of white blood cells; includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

helper T cells

a type of cell that regulates the immune response.

immunizations

deliberate provocation of an immune response to stimulation immune memory.

immunoglobulins

Antibody.

inflammation

coordinated non-specific defense against infection or irritation, which combines increased blood flow and capillary permeability, activation of macrophages, temperature increase, and the clotting reaction to wall off the infected area.

interferons

type of cytokine

ischemia

lack of oxygen.

left atrioventricular (AV) value (Mitral Valve)

valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.

Leukocytes

white blood cells.