Appelrouth: Classical and Contemporary Sociological Theory, 4e - Lecture Notes (Ch. 1 Introduction; Enlightenment; Canon; Contemporary Theory)

Flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on theory, reading origins, order/action, the Enlightenment, and the sociological canon.

What are the two broad senses of theory in sociology mentioned in the notes?

Generalized statements; scientific theories (universal laws); and the differences between social and scientific theories.

Why read original works according to the notes?

Original works are difficult to decipher; secondary textbooks can help; originals and secondary works are not the same.

What does the 'telephone game' metaphor illustrate in the notes?

Original works can be misinterpreted or modified as they pass through intermediaries.

In navigating sociological theory, what do the questions of 'Order' and 'Action' refer to?

Order refers to patterns or predictability; Action refers to factors that motivate people to act.

What two societal orientations are discussed in relation to order and action?

Collective society and individual society.

What is the purpose of the four-celled map in theory?

To plot the basic theoretical orientation.

Which three classical theorists are highlighted, and what is each one's focus?

Karl Marx: politico-economic critique of capitalism; Émile Durkheim: intangible social forces; Max Weber: multidimensional theory.

Which sociologist is associated with continually emerging social order?

George Herbert Mead.

What concept is linked with the 'Four coordinates' in the notes?

Ideal types.

Why are 'maps' needed in applying theories, according to the notes?

To provide guidance for applying theories.

What are the four combinations of order and action described in relation to the opioid epidemic?

Individual/nonrational; individual/rational; collective/nonrational; collective/rational.

The European Enlightenment (1 of 8) emphasizes what features?

Intellectual development and reason; challenging myth- and faith-based truths; challenging religious beliefs; belief in the existence of God.

The European Enlightenment (2 of 8) discusses what key development in sociology?

The birth of sociology; society as a subject of scientific examination; Auguste Comte.

The European Enlightenment (3 of 8) covers the Industrial Revolution. What are its effects?

Application of power-driven machinery; reshaping the organization of social life; effects on individuals.

The European Enlightenment (4 of 8) addresses Political and Religious Transformations. What does it include?

Revolutionary political changes; partisan clashes over religion.

The European Enlightenment (5 of 8) covers The French Revolution. What are the key points?

Basic principle of the revolution; bloody aftermath; emergence of sociology; issues explored by philosophers.

The European Enlightenment (6 of 8) lists which thinkers?

Thomas Hobbes; John Locke; Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

The European Enlightenment (7 of 8) lists which thinkers?

David Hume; Immanuel Kant.

The European Enlightenment (8 of 8) addresses limits. What topics are included?

Racism and Enlightenment; Kant’s theory of scientific racism; Mary Wollstonecraft.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (1 of 8) covers what initial scope?

Premodern thinkers and their thoughts; core classical theoretical canon.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (2 of 8) lists which figures?

Karl Marx; Émile Durkheim; Max Weber; Charlotte Perkins Gilman.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (3 of 8) lists which thinkers?

Georg Simmel; W. E. B. Du Bois; George Herbert Mead.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (4 of 8) describes Contemporary Sociological Theory as having what features?

Distinctions; bridge between various fields.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (5 of 8) lists which functionalist and critical theorists?

Structural functionalism: Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton; Critical theory: Theodor Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, Jürgen Habermas, Patricia Hill Collins.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (6 of 8) includes which exchange and interaction theorists?

Exchange theory and rational choice theory: George C. Homans, Peter M. Blau, James S. Coleman; Symbolic interactionism and dramaturgy: Erving Goffman, Arlie Russell Hochschild.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (7 of 8) covers which schools?

Phenomenology: Alfred Schutz, Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, Dorothy E. Smith.

The Ins and Outs of the Sociological Theory 'Canon' (8 of 8) mentions which post-structural and postmodernists?

Poststructuralism: Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu, Edward Said; Postmodernism: Jean Baudrillard, Judith Butler; Global society: Immanuel Wallerstein, Anthony Giddens, Ulrich Beck, George Ritzer.