chapter 17 endocrine system AP2

studied byStudied by 10 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

Exocrine glands

1 / 63

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Endocrine system

64 Terms

1

Exocrine glands

  • have ducts

  • carry secretion to an epithelial surface

New cards
2

Endocrine Glands

  • no ducts

  • directly into the blood

New cards
3

Endocrine system

glands, tissues, and cells that secrete hormones

New cards
4

Internal communication

Nervous - both electrical & chemical

Endocrine - only chemical

New cards
5

Speed & persistence of response

Nervous - reacts quickly

Endocrine - reacts slowly

New cards
6

Adaption to long term stimuli

Nervous - response declines

Endocrine - response persist

New cards
7

Area of effect

Nervous - targeted and specific ( one organ)

Endocrine - general, widespread effects (many organs)

New cards
8

hypothalamus functions

  • regulates body functions : water balance , thermoregulation, sex drive and childbirth

New cards
9

what’s does GnRH stimulate ?

  • Gonadotrophin - Releasing Hormone

  • stimulates FSH ( Follicle Stimulating Hormone) & LH (Lutenizing Hormone)

  • Travels to gonads to stimulate gonadal hormones

New cards
10

what’s does CRH stimulate ?

  • Corticotrophin - Releasing Hormone

  • stimulates ACTH ( Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)

  • Travels to thyroid gland to stimulate thyroid hormones.

New cards
11

what’s does TRH stimulate ?

  • Thyroid Releasing Hormone

  • stimulates TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

  • travels to thyroid gland to stimulate thyroid hormones

New cards
12

what does GHRH stimulates?

  • Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone

  • Stimulates GH (growth hormone)

  • travels to long bone and muscle to promote growth of tissue

New cards
13

PIF

  • Prolactin Inhibitory Factor

  • always being produced

  • when it stops being released, the pituitary gland is stimulated to produce Prolactin ( milk production)

New cards
14

Where are posterior pituitary hormones made ?

The hypothalamus

New cards
15

ADH

  • Antidiuretic Hormone

  • maintains fluid balance in the body

  • posterior hormone

New cards
16

Oxytocin

  • stimulates uterus for contraction during labor and aids milk

New cards
17

Pituitary gland

produces stimulating hormones

  • known as master gland

New cards
18

Calcitonin

lowers blood calcium

New cards
19

Calictriol & Parathyroid

raises blood calcium

New cards
20

Thyroid

produces: T3 & T4

New cards
21

what are gonads ?

testes & ovaries

New cards
22

Nervous System

Neurotransmitters

New cards
23

Cortisol

stress hormone

New cards
24

What does cortisol do?

  • increase bodies blood sugar in times of stress for energy and anti inflammatory effects, tissue repair

New cards
25

Aldosterone

  • regulates blood volume and how much fluid is in veins and arteries , regulate electrolyte balance.

New cards
26

Androgens

  • set libido throughout life

  • large part in prenatal male development

New cards
27

Estradiol

  • small quantity but important after menopause for sustaining adult bone mass

  • fat converts androgens into estrogen

New cards
28

Estrone

pregnancy and menopause

New cards
29

Estriol

post menopausal and prepubescent

New cards
30

Cortex

Outer Part

New cards
31

Medulla

Inner part

New cards
32

Catehlolomines

  1. Epinephrine aka Adrenaline

  2. Norepinephrine

New cards
33

Catehlolomines is similar to what nervous system?

sympathetic

New cards
34

Female Gonads

  • ovaries

  • progesterone , estrogen, and estradiol

New cards
35

Male gonads

  • Testes

  • testosterone

New cards
36

Progesterone & Estradiol

Responsible for female developement and maintenance of reproductive system.

ex : regulation of menstrual cycle and sustaining pregnanacy

New cards
37

Estrogen

Responsible for maintenance and formation of female sexual reproductive system.

ex : formation of breast

New cards
38

What does estrogen do in men?

help maturation of the sperm and maintenance of libido

New cards
39

Testostrone

  • increases muscle to bone mass

  • controls sexual libido

New cards
40

Inhibin

  • regulates follicle stimulating hormone (FSH ) which regulates sperm production

New cards
41

Pancreas

creates insulin

New cards
42

Insulin

  • during and after meal when glucose and amino acid blood levels are rising.

  • lowers blood glucose levels

  • inaction is cause of diabetes mellitus

New cards
43

Glucagon

  • pulls sugar out the liver and release of glucose into circulation raising blood glucose level

  • RAISE BLOOD GLUCOSE

  • secreted by A or alpha cells

New cards
44

Somatostatin

  • Partially suppresses secretion of glucagon & insulin

  • acts as regular of glucagon & glucose

  • secreted by D or delta cells

New cards
45

Pancreatic

  • secreted by PP cells of F cells

  • regulates bladder & pancreatic enzymes

  • inhibits gallbladder contraction and secretion pancreatic digestive enzymes

  • CONTROLLER OF DIGESTION

New cards
46

Gastrin

  • secreted by G cells

  • stimulates stomach acid secretion, motility and emptying

  • CONTROLLER OF DIGESTION

New cards
47

Hyperglycemic hormones

raise blood glucose concentration

  • ex Glucagon, growth hormone , cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.

New cards
48

Hypoglycemic hormones

lower blood glucose

  • ex insulin

New cards
49

Pineal gland

attached to rood of the 3rd ventricle beneath the posterior end of corpus callosum.

  • functions of the 24 hr circadian rhythm

  • synthesizes melatonin

New cards
50

Seasonal affective disorder

  • SAD

occurs In winter or northern climates

New cards
51

Thymus

produces all T cells by the time you reach puberty.

  • important in immune defense

New cards
52

Synergist

  • multiple hormone act together for greater effect

New cards
53

Permissive effects

  • one hormone enhances the target organs response to a second hormone later

New cards
54

Antagonistic

one hormone opposes the action of another

New cards
55

Acromegaly

thickening of bones and soft tissues in adults

New cards
56

Congenital hypothyroidism

  • decreased TH

  • hyposecretion present at birth

New cards
57

Myxedema

  • decreased TH

  • problem with thyroid gland in adult life

New cards
58

Hashimotos

a problem with your immune system

  • immune system attacks thyroid gland destroying thyroid tissue and causes reduction in thyroid hormone

New cards
59

Goiter

Any pathological enlargement of the thyroid gland

New cards
60

Toxic goiter

graves disease

  • autoimmune disease hyperthyroidism

New cards
61

Diabetes mellitus

most prevalent metabolic disease in world

  • hyposecretion or inaction of insulin

New cards
62

Polyuria

excess urin output

New cards
63

Polydipsia

intense thirst

New cards
64

Polyphagia

hunger

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 46 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 19 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 31389 people
... ago
4.4(25)
note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 240 people
... ago
5.0(2)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (600)
studied byStudied by 3 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (43)
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (76)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (26)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (38)
studied byStudied by 3 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (25)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (21)
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (37)
studied byStudied by 77 people
... ago
5.0(3)
robot