Wastewater Engineering

Wastewater Engineering

Branch of environmental engineering in which the basic principles of science and engineering are applied to the problems

Pollution

May be defined as the introduction of a substance to.the environment at levels leading to lost beneficial use of a resource or degradation of the health of humans, wildlife or ecosystem

Load

Refers to the mass flux of a pollutant and is expressed as mass per unit time

Water Quality Management

Is concerned with the control of pollution from human activity so that the water is not degraded to the point that is no longer suitable for intended use

Class C

Pasig river in under what class based on DAO 34

Point source

Identifiable source of pollution occur when harmful substance are emitted directly into a body of water from a pipeline or sewer

CAFO

Concentration/Confined Animal Feeding Operation

CAFO

Facilities where animals are fed and confined for 45days or more in any 12 consecutive month period, where crops, vegetation, forage growth or post harvest residues are not grown or sustained in the feedlot or facility

450 kg of live animal mass

1 animal unit

Non point source pollution

Or diffuse source of pollution occurs as water moves across the land or through the ground and picks up natural and human made pollution

NPDES

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

Wastewater/Sewage

Defined as community's spent or consumed water

Sewage

Refer to WW but is more properly applied to domestic (household) WW

99.9% water, 0.1% total solids

Composition of WW

Influent

Raw WW coming into a treatment plant

Effluent

The treated water discharged from a WW treatment plant

Domestic (sewage) WW

Or sanitary sewage consists.of domestic waste and small amounts of industrial waste

Industrial waste

-Ww in which industrial waste predominate

-contain high strength waste may have to be pretreated to make them safe to discharge to the collection system

Storm sewage

Liquid flowing in sewers during or ff a period of rainfall and resulting from precipitation runoff

>3000mg/L

Strong water

Combined ww

Consists of a combination of sanitary ww and storm ww runoff

-All ww and storm water of the.l community is transported through one system to the treatment plant

Inflow

Is water discharged into sewer pipe connections from.sources such as roof leaders

Infiltration

Is the groundwater entering sewers and building connections through defective joints and broken or cracked pipr and manholes

Direct inflow

A type of inflow that have a direct stormwater runoff connection to the sanitary sewer and cause an almost immediate increase in ww flows

Total inflow

The sum of the direct inflow at any point in the system plus any flow discharged from the system upstream through overflows

Delayed inflow

Storm water that may require several days or more to drain through the sewer system

Gray water

Consumed water in the kitchen, bathroom, and laundry

Black water

Water from.flush toilet

Yellow water

Urine separated from.toilet and urinals

Brown water

Black water without yellow water

300-500mg/L

BOD range in domestic WW

300mg/L

TSS in domestic ww

500-1000mg/L

COD range in domestic WW

30-50%

Percentage of carbohydrates in organic composition

40-60%

Percentage of proteins in organic composition

10%

Percentage of FOG in organic composition

Precision

Refers to the productivity of an analytic techniques when it is repeated on a homogeneous sample

Accuracy

Correspondence between the measured value.and actual value

EDC

Endoctrine Disrupting Chemicals

9mg/L

Maximum amount of DO in clean water

4mg/L

Maximum amount of DO for fish

Total Solids

All matter that remains as residue upon evaporation at 103-105C

Fixed solids

Residue left in the vessel after sample is ignited att 550C

Volatile solids

Weight loss after sample is ignited at 550C

Total Suspended solids

Solid in water tgat can be trapped or retained in a standard glass fiber filter