Urinary Microanatomy, Anatomy, & Physiology

Label the following. [left kidney, right kidney, adrenal glands, ureters, bladder]

a = adrenal glands
b = right kidney
c = left kidney
d = ureters
e = bladder

Identify the blood vessels and veins. [arcuate artery, arcuate vein, interlobar artery, interlobar vein, interlobular artery, interlobular vein, segmental artery, segmental vein, renal artery]

a = interlobular vein
b = arcuate artery
c = interlobular artery
d = arcuate vein
e = interlobar vein
f = interlobar artery
g = segmental vein
h = segmental artery
i = renal artery

Identify the kidney. [cortex, medulla, capsule, renal pyramid, renal column, renal sinus, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter papilla, hilus]

a = capsule
b = medulla
c = renal pyramid
d = papilla
e = cortex
f = minor calyx
g = major calyx
h = hilus
i = renal pelvis
j = renal column
k = renal sinus
l = ureter

Label the following. [juxtaglomerular apparatus, JG cells, macula densa, distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule]

a = juxtaglomerular apparatus
b = macula densa
c = distal convoluted tubule
d = JG cells
e = proximal convoluted tubule

Label the following. [afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, bowman’s capsule, podocyte, fenestrated endothelium]

a = efferent arteriole
b = afferent arteriole
c = podocytes
d = fenestrated endothelium
e = bowman’s capsule

Label the following. [filtration membrane, fenestrated endothelia, podocyte foot process, filtration slit, basement membrane, plasma, filtrate]

a = fenestrated endothelia
b = basement membrane
c = podocyte foot process
d = filtration slit
e = plasma
f = filtration membrane
g = filtrate

Label parts of a nephron. [bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, collecting duct, afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, glomerulus]

a = efferent arteriole
b = glomerulus
c = afferent arteriole
d = bowman’s capsule
e = proximal convoluted tubule
f = peritubular capillaries
g = distal convoluted tubule
h = collecting duct
i = loop of henle

Label the following. [detrusor muscle, ureters, ureteral slits, urethra, internal urethral sphincter, external urethral sphincter, trigone, rugae]

a = ureters
b = rugae
c = urethral slits
d = trigone
e = urethra
f = internal urethral sphincter
g = external urethral sphincter
h = detrusor muscle

Name and label the organ. [lamina propria, muscularis externa, urothelium]

a = urothelium
b = lamina propria
c = muscularis externa
d = ureter

Name and label this organ. [lamina propria, muscularis externa, urothelium]

a = urothelium
b = lamina propria
c = muscularis externa
d = urinary bladder

Label the following. [afferent arteriole, glomerulus, peritubular capillaries]

a = peritubular capillaries
b = afferent arteriole
c = glomerulus

Name and label this organ. [glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, convoluted tubule]

a = glomerulus
b = bowman’s capsule
c = convoluted tubule
d = kidney

a. What organ is this?
b. what is the arrow pointing to?
c. what is a?

a = kidney
b = glomerulus
c = medulla and cortex

What organ is this?

kidney

a. what organ is this?
b. what is a pointing to?
c. what is b?
d. what is c?

a = juxtaglomerular apparatus
b = bowman’s capsule
c = distal convoluted tubule
d = proximal convoluted tubule

a. what organ is this?
b. what is a pointing to?
c. what is b pointing to?
d = what is c pointing to?

a = kidney
b = proximal convoluted tubule
c = distal convoluted tubule
d = collecting duct

What structure is this?

collecting duct

a. what organ is this?
b. what is a pointing to?
c = what is b pointing to?

a = kidney
b = macula densa cells
c = distal convoluted tubule

What structure is this?

macula densa cells

a. what organ is this?
b. what is the arrow pointing to?
c. what is a?

a = kidney
b = JG cells
c = lumen

a. what organ is this?
b. what is the arrow pointing to?

a = ureter
b = transitional epithelium

What structure is this?

ureter epithelium

a. what organ is this?
b. what structure is this?

a = urinary bladder
b = transitional epithelium

What structure is this?

bladder wall

Normal urine analysis
glucose = neg
bilirubin = neg
ketone = neg
protein = neg
nitrite = neg
blood = neg
leukocytes = neg
urobilinogen = POSITIVE 0.2-1.0

Normal urine analysis
glucose = neg
bilirubin = neg
ketone = neg
protein = neg
nitrite = neg
blood = neg
leukocytes = neg
urobilinogen = POSITIVE 0.2-1.0

ADH
hormone released for water reabsorption to maintain homeostasis

[as urine volume decreases, ADH levels increase]

ADH
hormone released for water reabsorption to maintain homeostasis

[as urine volume decreases, ADH levels increase]