Plant Cells

Flashcards covering key plant cell structures and functions, as well as various processes associated with plant cell metabolism.

Plant Cell

The basic structural and functional unit of plants.

Nucleus

Stores cell hereditary material (DNA) and coordinates cell activities.

Plasma Membrane

A bilayer structure that regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Mitochondrion

Converts carbohydrates into energy (ATP) and contains its own DNA.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Connected, flattened sacs that synthesize proteins; have ribosomes on their surface.

Golgi Apparatus

Packages lipids and proteins into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations.

Cell Wall

A rigid layer that provides structural support; made of polysaccharides.

Chloroplast

An organelle that converts light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Lignin

A component of the cell wall that hardens cellulose and provides strength.

Cytoplasm

The protoplasm within a cell, excluding the nucleus, involved in cellular processes.

Ribosomes

Cellular structures that synthesize proteins.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The primary energy carrier in all living organisms.

Macromolecules

Large molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids essential for cellular functions.

Hemicellulose

A type of polysaccharide that helps to manage structural integrity in the cell wall.

Pectin

A polysaccharide that serves as a cementing agent in cell walls.

Glycolysis

The process that breaks down glucose to produce ATP.

Peroxisome

An organelle that detoxifies harmful substances by converting hydrogen peroxide to water.