9 Seal Humanities Date Revision Semester 1

Treaty of Versailles

Mid 1919. German had to pay a lot to allied powers and had to give up land and military size.

Reichstag Burns down

27 Feb 1933. Hitler probably burns down Reichstag (main government building) to gain power, and blames on communists, making public dislike Communists.

Enabling act

23 March 1933 (After Reichstag burns down). Through intimidation of senators, parliament passes bill with 2/3 of parliament voters to give Hitler power to personally pass laws.

Nuremberg race laws

15 Sep 1935. Removed Jewish peoples citizenship, and made it so that Jewish people couldn't marry non-Jewish people. Beginning of events leading to Holocaust.

Mourning day Protests.

26 Jan 1938. Began on 150th anniversary of Australia's existence, protesting Aboriginal peoples treatment.

Kristallnacht - The night of the broken glass.

9 Nov 1938. Violent riots break out throughout Germany towards Jewish people.

Invasion of poland.

1 Sep 1939. After Policy of appeasement, Germany invades poland which is the allies last straw, and war begins.

Phoney war.

Oct 1939 - March 1940. No land offensive and only a few naval and aerial skirmishes.

Battle of Britain.

July 1940. Nazis tried to invade Britain, but lost the aerial battle. Britain was very disadvantaged because they had barely any planes and runways, as the Germans had bombed them all, yet Britain still won. Germany could definitely have won the war if they won this battle.

Tripartite pact

Sep 1940. Italy, Germany and Japan become allies.

Siege of Tobruk

Apr-Sep 1941. Australian 6th division invades tobruk, and after a long and difficult endeavour with reinforces, Italy takes it back.

Final solution

Early 1942. Nazis hold conference were they decide to begin the death camp and kill every Jewish person.

Fall of Singapore

8-15 Feb 1942. In a well made attack, Japan takes advantage of a clumsy defence and invades Singapore.

Warsaw Uprising

19 Apr-16 May 1943. The Jewish resistance at the Warsaw Ghetto fights and loses to the Germans.

The Axis Begin Retreating

Mid-1943. Axis powers (especially Germany) were no longer invading as much as they used to and were stagnated, sometimes retreating.

D-Day

6 June 1944. After failed Italy campaign, the allies launch D-Day. Very unorganised invasion that just barely worked, with people landing at the wrong beach and invasion almost not happening because of bad weather.

Battle of Berlin

20 Apr-2 May 1945. Berlin was defended by an army with an average age of 14. 2 Million artillery shells were fired on Warsaw, with mass death and destruction in the city.

German surrender/End of war in Europe

8 May 1945 (5 days after battle of Berlin). Hitler commits suicide, Germany surrenders, and the war in Europe is over.

Japan's surrenders/End of WW2

2 Sep 1945. Japan is bombed in Nagasaki and Hiroshima, and officially surrenders. WW2 is over.

World War 2/WW2

1939-1945. Always write that name down at the start of a long question that asks for prior knowledge to help with rubric and possibly get more marks! (E.g World war 2 (1939-1945) was a... )

UN formed

December 1945. Made to make sure there would be no more major conflicts. Backed by many strong nations.

UDHR written

End of 1948. Made by UN to establish a baseline for human rights around the world. Inspired creation of other human rights documents. Mostly useless.

Pilbara strike.

Mid 1946 - Mid 1949. Aboriginal workers went on strike for better rights and wages.

Aboriginal advancements table.

1962. Shirley andrews makes a table documenting the differences in how aboriginal people are treated in different states.

Freedom rides.

Early 1965. 15 Day bus tour that tried publicise racism towards aboriginal people. Most important guy was charles Perkins. Heavily impacted 1967 referendum by bring recognition to struggles of aboriginal people.

Wave hill walk off

Mid-late 1966. Vincent Lingiari leads walk off demanding traditional land back, and it works. From little things, big things, grow!

1967 referendum.

Mid 1967. Very significant referendum that did 2 things: included Aboriginal people in the census and made the federal government make laws on aboriginal rights instead of the states. it had a 90% yes vote.

Aboriginal tent embassy

Early 1972. 4 people erected a tent embassy on the lawn opposite to parliament house to protest the government not giving land back to Aboriginal people.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait islanders committee formed. (The ATSIC)

Early 1990. The ATSIC is formally founded as the representative body of self-determination policies for indigenous people..

Mabo Case

Mid 1982 - Mid 1992, 10 years! Historic court case where Eddie Mabo and 4 others argued against the Queensland government that their peoples and many others deserve their land back. This court case succeeded, and it gave back a lot of rights and land back to the indigenous people, and overturned Terra Nullius, giving aboriginal people a real legal claim to land. Other then the 1967 referendum, this was most likely the most significant step in indigenous rights.

Native title act.

1993. Consequence of mabo case, when the Australian government recognised aboriginal claim to land.

Wik Decision

End of 1996. The wik people went to court against the state of Queensland arguing that they deserved their land back despite pastoral leases on their land.. The effect of this case was that in cases of pastoral land coinciding with Aboriginal land, the two could co-exist. Mostly an expansion of Mabo case.