Anat and Phys 2 Exam 2

types of hormone actions

autocrine, paracrine, endocrine

autocrine

same cell- cell releases a chemical messenger that binds to receptors on that SAME cell, triggering a change in its own activity

paracrine

autocrine- a type of cell-to-cell communication where a cell releases a chemical signal that diffuses through the extracellular space to affect nearby adjacent cells

endocrine

secretion of hormones into interstitial fluid rather than ducts

circulating hormones

pass from secretory cell into bloodstream

duration of circulating hormones

for a few minutes to hours

local hormones

act on nearby cell or one that secreted it

duration of local hormones

they inactivate quickly

where are receptors located in water-soluble hormones

they are extracellular

catecholamines

epinephrine, norepi, dopamine

are peptide hormones water-soluble or lipid soluble

water-soluble

are protein hormones water-soluble or lipid soluble

water-soluble

are glycoprotein hormones water-soluble or lipid soluble

water-soluble

are eicosanoid hormones water-soluble or lipid soluble

water-soluble

functi of epinephrine

drives the body's acute "fight-or-flight" stress response

function of norepinephrine

acts as both a stress hormone and a brain chemical that mobilizes your body and mind for action

function of dopamine

reward and movement regulation

function of histamine

regulates immune responses, triggers stomach acid production, and promotes wakefulness in the brain

function of serotonin

regulate mood, digestion, sleep, and blood clotting

purpose of melatonin

regulates your body's internal clock and sleep-wake cycle

examples of peptide hormones

antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

function of antidiuretic hormone

controls the amount of water your kidneys reabsorb to maintain fluid balance and blood pressure

function of oxytocin

facilitates birth, lactation, maternal behavior, neocortical growth, and maintenance of the cortical blood supply

examples of protein hormones

growth hormone and insulin

function of growth hormone

stimulates linear growth in children and regulates metabolism, body composition, and tissue repair across all ages

function of insulin

regulate the body's energy supply by balancing micronutrient levels during the fed state

example of glycoprotein hormones

thyroid-stimulating hormone

function of thyroid-stimulating hormone

stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones that control how your body uses energy

examples of eicosanoid hormones

prostaglandins and leukotrienes

function of prostaglandins

control inflammation, blood flow, muscle contraction, and pain signaling

function of leukotrienes

promote the movement of almost all leukocyte types into tissues and amplify the effects of type 2 T helper cells

what are water-soluble hormones unable to do

cross the plasma membrane

where do water-soluble hormones bind to receptors

ones that are embedded in membrane

the shape of hormone matches

the shape of the receptor’s active site

what activates proteins inside the cell

the intracellular portion of the receptor