The Cavite Mutiny and Its Historical Context

Cavite Mutiny

1872 uprising by Filipino soldiers against Spanish rule.

Governor-General Carlos Maria de la Torre

Liberal governor promoting reforms in the Philippines.

Liberal Regime

Period of democratic reforms in Spanish governance.

Moret Decrees

Legislation aimed at secularizing educational institutions.

Rafael de Izquierdo

Governor-General who replaced de la Torre in 1871.

Propaganda

Media campaign against monarchial principles in Spain.

Filipino Clergy

Local religious leaders involved in independence movements.

Joaquin Pardo de Tavera

Filipino leader and conspirator in the mutiny.

Jacinto Zamora

Native priest involved in organizing the uprising.

Mariano Gomez

Curate and influential figure in the mutiny.

Signal for Revolt

Rockets fired during the Virgin of Loreto fiesta.

Sergeant La Madrid

Leader of the mutineers who initiated the uprising.

Military Governor Rojas

Cavite governor who attempted to quell the mutiny.

Execution Methods

Garote and firing squad used for mutineer punishments.

Official Report

Izquierdo's account blaming clergy and intellectuals.

Insurrection

Term used by Izquierdo to describe the mutiny.

Tax Tribute

New tax imposed on workers, causing unrest.

Force Labor

Mandatory service imposed on previously exempt workers.

El Eco Filipino

Madrid-based reformist newspaper blamed for inciting mutiny.

Cavite Arsenal

Site of forced labor that sparked the uprising.

Filipino Soldiers

Native troops primarily involved in the mutiny.

Execution Date

January 27, 1872, for 41 mutineers.

Life Sentence

Punishment given to some mutineers after the revolt.

10 Years Imprisonment

Sentence for certain participants in the mutiny.

Suspension of License

Penalty for lawyers involved in the uprising.

Pardon

Possible leniency offered to some convicted individuals.

Chief of State 'hari'

Ecclesiastical leader supported by clergy in rebellion.

Rebellion motivation

Divine support claimed; non-revolters face death.

Native battalion

15 battalions formed for rebellion efforts.

Father Jose Burgos

Potential 'hari' figure in the rebellion.

Father Jacinto Zamora

Another candidate for 'hari' in rebellion.

Execution of Spaniards

All Spaniards except women to be executed.

Fort Santiago

Target for seizure by rebel forces.

Cavite uprising

Initiated before planned Manila uprising.

Junta in Manila

Group seeking followers under arts and trades guise.

General Rafael de Izquierdo

Governor enforcing strict policies leading to unrest.

Polo (forced labor)

Labor system abolished, causing discontent among workers.

January 20, 1872 uprising

Rebellion in Cavite against abolished privileges.

Spanish military response

Quick suppression of the Cavite uprising.

Accusations against Filipinos

Filipinos labeled as conspirators after uprising.

Burgos, Zamora, Gomez

Martyrs opposed to friar influence in governance.

Filipino aspirations

Desire for educational and material advancement.

False assumptions of independence

Persecution based on belief of independence desires.

Racial and political tensions

Disagreements framed as hostility against Spaniards.

Martyrs of the cause

Intelligent Filipinos punished for independence aspirations.

Atrocities under Izquierdo

General's actions led to increased Filipino resentment.

Cavite arsenal laborers

Key participants in the mutiny against authority.

Spanish friars' influence

Religious orders involved in civil governance.

Filipino identity

Mixed heritage individuals targeted during repression.

Political hub concerns

New school seen as threat to Spanish control.

General La Torre

Reformist governor promoting educational advancements.

Cavite mutiny suppression

Quickly quelled, leading to further oppression.