benbenek ap concepts

aphorism

short memorable statement that expresses a universal truth

analogy

comparing two different things to clarify a complex idea

anaphora

begin a series of phrases with parallelism to achieve an influential effect

irony

difference between expectation and reality

metaphor

compares two unrelated things by stating that one this is another

simile

figure of speech that compares two different things with “like” or “as”

cumulative sentence

has to be long, give subject and main verb early with an accumulation of descriptive detail

interrupted sentence

interrupted with something so big, it needs dashes- not commas

periodic sentence

has to be long, with the subject and verb near the end

balanced sentence

the first half of the sentence and the back half of the sentence are nearly identical paralleled

connotation

subjective association of a word

epithet

descriptive word/phrase/title used in place of a person/things name to highlight a quality

parallelism

any time you see a repeated structure in syntax

alliteration

many words starting with the same sound- playful

syllogism

logical argument that uses deductive reasoning to draw a specific conclusion

allusion

references to a person/event/art/story-must have a specific story

epigram

short, clever, and witty statement that ends in a twist

hyperbole

extreme exaggeration

paradox

appears contradictory/absurd but actually reveals a truth

deduction

reasoning from general premises-things already known to be true

induction

reasoning from specific examples/ pattern recognition

apostrophe

adressing someone/something that isnt there

inversion

changes normal word order

antithesis

two opposing ideas side by side using similar sentence structures

onomatopeia

expressing a sound

denotation

objective association of a word

syntax

anything to do with word, structure, or order

tone

the attitude, quality, or general character of something

diction

choice of words

understatement

makes situation seem less important than it really is

euphemism

indirect word substitution for one considered to be too harsh