The Nature of Science and the Scientific Method

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the nature of science, the scientific method, observations and inferences, variables, hypotheses, and scientific inquiry.

What is the scientific method?

A process for experimentation used to explore observations and answer questions.

What are observations in scientific inquiry?

The noting and recording of facts using one or more of the five senses.

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

Qualitative data is interpretation-based and descriptive, while quantitative data is numbers-based, countable, and measurable.

What does a hypothesis represent?

A statement that clearly states what is being changed, the expected outcome, and the rationale behind it.

What is the role of constants in an experiment?

Constants are aspects of an experiment that the researcher intentionally keeps unchanged throughout.

What is a scientific theory?

A description of HOW/WHY something happens, explaining why the phenomenon exists and what caused it.

What is the difference between scientific laws and theories?

Laws state WHAT will happen without explaining why, while theories explain HOW/WHY something occurs.

What does CER stand for in scientific conclusion writing?

Claim, Evidence, Reasoning.

What is a control variable?

A variable that remains constant and is not tested in an experiment.

What are the required elements of a data table in an experiment?

A title, units, and clear organization of data.