Block 3, Week 2 PHR912: Urea Cycle

What amino acids cannot get transaminated?

LYS

THR

PRO

Glutamate Dehydrogenase is what kind of deamination

Oxidative deamination

What are the two types of non-oxidative deaminations?

Dehydration

Hydrolysis deamination

Non-oxidative deaminaiton dehydration reactions:

Serine dehydratase

D-cysteine desulfhydrase

Non-oxidative deamination via hydrolysis deamination:

Glutaminase

Asparaginase

Glutamate → alpha-ketoglutarate is catalyzed by what reaction?

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Allosteric inhibitors of the glutamate dehydrogenase

High atp, gtp, and nadh

What co-factor is required for oxidative deamination of L-amino acid oxidase?

FMN (flavin mononucleotide) mainly in the liver and kidney

Non-oxidative deamination dehydration Desulfhydrase:

Serine → Pyruvate + NH4

Non-oxidative deamination dehydration desulfhydrase reaction:

Cysteine → Pyruvate + NH4

What cofactor does non-oxidative deamination: dehydration reactions need?

Pyridoxal Phosphate (PLP)

Ammonium ions produced by non-oxidative deamination in extra-hepatic tissues are transported to the liver in what form?

Glutamate

Glutamine

Alanine

Extra-hepatic tissues;:

Where no urea cycle exists

Non-oxidative deamination via hydrolysis reactions:

Glutaminase

Asparaginase

What reactions are detoxification and pH control:

Glutamine synthesis and Glutaminase