Gaseous Exchange

Fill in the missing word Gaseous exchange supplies... .. to the body

Oxygen

choose the correct awnser : Gaseous helps the body to secrete ....

Carbon dioxide

Explain what happens if the body dues not secrete carbon dioxide

It will form carbonic acid , which lowers the PH of bodily fluids which denatures enzymes

Name and explain the requirements of gaseous exchange

1. Large - it allows more gaseous exchange to take place

2. Thin and permeable - AllOWS diffusion to happen quickly and easily

3.moist - allows gases to dissolve and create solution

4. Well -ventilated - allows fresh air to enter into the alveoli

5. Well-proteted - prevents dissacution and mechanical injury

Name the type of epithelium found in the air passages of the respiratory system and explain the function

cililiated columnar epithelium.It contains goblet cells which produce MucuS.

Name the air passages found in the respiratory system

Nasal cavity

Epiglottis

Trachea

Bronchi and bronchioles

Explain the function of the nasal cavity

where air flows in. passes the pharynx and glottis and enters the trachea

Explain the function of the epiglottis

It is a flap that closes the air passage when swallowing .

Name and explain the parts of the trachea

Larynx - top part of the trachea. contains two vocal cords which produce sound when air flows

C-shaped rings of cartilage - keep the trachea open to allow the flow of air.

Gullet - At the end part of C-shaped rings which allows the gullet to expand when the bolus comes down

Name the inner lining of the trackea and explain its function

ciliated epithelium,which produces MUCUS that catches germs and debris

Name the divisions of the bronchi

Bronchiodes

Name the organ that is At the end of bronchioles

Alveoli

Name type of membrane that lines the bronchi and bronchioles

Mucous membrane

Name the cavity that is between the tw tw0 lungs.

Thoracic cavity

Name the space between the two lungs where heart is.

The mediastinum

Name the double membrane that surrounds the lungs. Name the fluid that is produces and the function of it.

The pleural membrane. It produces pleural fluid which prevents friction and pain when the lungs contract.

Explain why the lungs are elastic organs

They contain collagen and elastic fibres which allow the lungs to expand when breathing.

Name how many lobes the right and left lung has.

The right lung contains three lobes and the left lung has two lobes.

Explain why the right lung is wider and shorter than the left lung.

The liver pushes up the diaphram on this side.

Explain the function of the tissue fluid around the alveoli

The dissolve the gases and therefore allow them to diffuse.

Name the layer of epithelium of the walls of alveoli

sqaumous epithelium

state how many layer the alveoli has and explain why

2 layers. It contains one layer of sqaumous epithelium and is surrounded by blood cappilleries which makes up a single layer of sqaumous epithelium

Explain how the heart supplies blood to the lungs.

The pulmonary ateries Create a network around the alveoli. They carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle.