revolutions china aos2

non-communist politicians called

“flower vases”

thought reform quote auschwitz

Thought Reform was a “carefully cultivated Auschwitz of the mind” — Frank Dikotter

five year plan good but quote

“Although the First Five-Year Plan had met its quotas well enough, it had also revealed disturbing imbalances in the Chinese economic system.” - Jonathan Spence

farmers (lysenkoism quote)

“Farmers found themselves under bosses ignorant of agricultural methods” – Jonathan Fenby

famine catastrophe quote

a “mao-made catastrophe” john king fairbank

GLF bad primary source quote

“Not only has there been no Great Leap Forward, there has been a great deal of falling backwards” liu shaoqi

little red book on maoism

“Study Chairman Mao’s writings, follow his teachings and act according to his instructions and be his good fighters” – Lin Biao

little red book personality cult quote

“Mao steadily fueled his personality cult” - Chang and Halliday

the little red book was a … quote?

a “weapon of mass destruction” alexander cook

great leap forward showed what about mao quote

“The Great Leap showed Mao more and more divorced from any true reality check…Mao knowingly starved and worked tens of millions to death” - Jonathan Fenby

cult.rev mao immortality quote

“Mao was seeking immortality by identifying himself with symbols that would live on forever” – Jonathan Fenby

jiang jieshi resignation and proclamation of PRC dates

jan, oct 1949

electoral law

1953, people over 18 could vote/stand for election if “of the people”

inflation 1949-1951

85,000% to 15%

wages

decided based on price of essential items

impact of korean war on CCP

seen as successfully surviving attack of US

agrarian land reform date

june 1950

thought reform campaign date

sept 1951

three-antis campaign

date

against?

involved

1951, simultaneous with thought reform

corruption, waste, bureaucraticism

people encouraged to turn on each other

three-antis significance

eliminated internal CCP threats, ensuring loyalty and unity, projected image of honest government

five antis campaign

date

targeted

1952

tax evasion, fraud, bribery, theft of govt. property, excessive profiting from govt. contracts

impact of five antis

450,000 businesses investigated, resulting in fines and imprisonment

all major businesses nationalised by 1957

created much needed revenue while crushing bourgeois capitalists

percentage of govt. funding in heavy industry during FFYP, + result

88%, resulting in 10% growth in industry by 1957, urban workforce doubling in size

steel production increase in FFYP

from 1.3 million tonnes to 5.2 million 1952-1957

food prod. vs population growth FFYP

1% versus 1.5% during 1950s, slowly caused famine

manufacturing received percentage of capital FFYP

11%

cause of hundred flowers campaign

death of stalin 1953, krushchev criticised his cult of personality, mao feared for own democratic dictatorship

great leap forward date

1958-1961

objectives of GLF

• to create industrialised economy to ‘catch up’ with west

• to transform china into collectivised, socialist society

people’s communes

25,000 established, 100,000 per commune

abusive cadres stat

2.5 million tortured to death, 1-3 million committed suicide (frank dikotter)

backyard steel production furnaces

750,000 backyard furnaces established

backyard steel prod consequences

scrap metal ran out so farmers melted down their own tools, which were not quality and did not sell for much, 9% decrease in crops grown as peasants became consumed by steel production

false surplus

250 million tonne difference between reported and real production

lushan conference

jul-aug 1959

wuhan plenum

dec 1958

wuhan plenum outcomes

reduced grain prod target from 450 million tons to 370 million, some private markets, mao would not stand for re-election as head of CCP

lushan conference outcomes

peng dehuai purged from CCP, as well as 350,000 other ‘rightists’

famine causes

food production decreased 25% 1958-1961

droughts, floods, locust plagues 1959-1960

how many people died in famine

estimated 30 million

famine can be attributed to :

“30% to natural calamities, 70% to human failings” liu shaoqi

liu-deng reforms

communes reduced to half size

up to 12% collectivised land given to peasant families

prod targets halved

areas worst off from famine, PLA mobilised to distribute food

success of liu-deng reforms

heavy industry prod increased by 17%

light industry prod by 27% 1963-65

grain prod increased from 193 mil tons to 340 mil tons 1961-65

model works cult.rev

18 by 1976

learn from lei feng quote editorial

Lei Feng’s great image has left an indelible imprint in the mind of millions upon millions of youths.

march 1964