(new) C5 - The internet and its uses

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38 Terms

1
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What is the Internet?

A very large global network to allow users to access the World Wide Web

2
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What type of network is the Internet?

Wide area network

3
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Who made the World Wide Web and why?

Tim Berners-Lee as he would need to access different computers for different information so he shared information using hypertext

4
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What is the World Wide Web?

Collection of webpages and websites

5
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What is Uniform Resource Locator (URL)?

Text-based address for a website

6
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What does web browser?

Software that retrieves and displays web pages

7
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How does a user accesses a webpage?

The user types the URL into the web browser

8
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What are the components of a URL?

Protocol, domain name, webpage file name

9
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How is a web page requested and retrieved by a computer?

  • The user opens the web browser an types the URL into the address bar

  • The web browser sends the URL to the domain name server (DNS)

  • The DNS stores the IP address to the domain name

  • If the IP address was not found in the DNS, it sends the domain name to the second DNS

  • This happens till the domain name is found

  • If it is not found a message is sent back to the web browser saying that the website is not found

  • The web browser receives the IP address

  • The web browser sends a request to the web server

  • When the web server receives a request to the web page, its sends the data for the website HTML, CSS and javascript to the web browser using HTTP

  • The web browser renders HTML and CSS and runs the javascript

10
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What does HTTPS do?

Add an extra layer of security that encrypt data that is transferred by using a digital certificate

11
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What is a digital certificate?

A certificate awarded to a website if they can prove they are a real organisation

12
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What is the certificate authority?

Awarding organisation that checks if another organisation is real and secured before giving additional certificate

13
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How is a layer of security added?

Before web browser send a request to Web servers for the webpage it sends a request to the web server for digital certificate

Server send a copy of Of the digital certificate to browser

Web browser check if the certificate is authentic

If the certificate is authentic web browser allows communication to continue with WebServer and data transmitted is encrypted

If certificate is not authentic, the web browser will report that the website is not secure

14
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What does HTTPS protocol use?

Secure socket layer or transport layer security

15
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What is the main purpose of a web browser?

A software application allowing you to access information available on the worldwide web

16
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What does render mean?

Processing webpage data like HTML to display a webpage

17
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What is a cookie?

Small text file that is used to your personal data by a web browser

18
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What are examples of what cookie store?

String usernames and passwords for accounts

String bank card details for buying products online

Storing products in a virtual shopping cart

Help formatting websites

Track content you are looking at in the worldwide web for advertisement

19
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what are the two types of cookies?

Session and persistent cookies

20
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What are session cookies?

Deleted when the browser is closed

21
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What are persistent cookies?

Cookie stored by web browser until deleted by user or expired

22
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Where are persistent cookies stored in?

Hard drives

23
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What are risks of cookies?

Invasion of privacy

Identity being stolen

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How can you reduce the risks of cookies?

By limited cookies by changing the settings of your web browser

25
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What is digital currency?

exists electronically then physically

26
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How is payment encrypted?

Using hTTPS protocol

27
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Where are payment details stored in?

Persistent cookies

28
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What is cryptocurrency?

Additional currency that uses encryption and not managed by central authority

29
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What is Blockchain?

A method used to track transactions made with cryptocurrency

30
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What is Digital ledger?

Database that is a list of transactions recorded by Blockchain

31
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How does Blockchain work?

When a payment is made a record is added to the ledger, including a digital signature with the time, and the payment was made is encrypted and cannot be changed, but anyone can view the data

32
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What are digital currencies?

exist electronically then physically

33
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How was payment encrypted?

Using HTTPS Protocol

34
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Where are payment details stored in?

Persistent cookies

35
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What is cryptocurrency?

Digital currency that uses encryption and not managed by central authority

36
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What is Blockchain?

A method used to attract transaction made with cryptocurrency

37
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What is digital ledger?

Database that is a list of transactions recorded by Blockchain

38
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How does Blockchain work?

When a payment is made a record is added to the ledger, including additional signature with the time and date the payment was made. The data is encrypted and cannot be changed, but anyone can view the data.