L5: PASSION AND DEATH OF JESUS CHRIST

PASCHAL MYSTERY

• Passover from “death to life”

• Passion, death, resurrection, ascension

paschal mystery came from the Hebrew word…?

pesach

Pesach means?

To pass over

THE LAST SUPPER

• Turning point wherein Jesus hinted about his impending passion and death to his disciples

• Christian passover

Christian passover inspiration?

Jewish Passover

sacrament present in the last supper?

Holy eucharist and Holy orders

Jewish Passover

• In jews, passover is the most important

• They annually commemorate the liberation of the Israelites in their bondage in Egypt

• Ten plagues

PASSOVER MEAL

• Every family must procure for itself a lamb

• Your lamb must be a year old male and without blemish

• 4 cups symbolize rituals

THE 4 CUPS

1. Sanctification

2. Deliverance

3. Redemption

4. Praise or acceptance

“Now While they were eating TOOK some bread, and after a BLESSING. He BROKE it and GAVE it to the disciples and said “take eat, this is My body” And when he had taken a cup and given thanks. He have it to them saying “drink it all of you; for this is my blood of the covenant which is being poured out for many for forgiveness of sins (Mathew 26:26-28)” In this passage there was no lamb, why is that?

Jesus —> Lamb of God —> Takes away the sins of the world

HEMATOHIDROSIS (BLOOD SWEAT)

• He was in such agony as he prayed fervently that his sweat became drops of blood falling in the group

• Father take this cup from Me not because i will it but your will be it done

“Father take this cup from Me not because i will it but your will be it done” why did Jesus did not drink the 4th cup?

• The "cup" refers to the suffering and death that He is about to endure, and His prayer expresses both His humanity (His desire to avoid suffering) and His submission to God's will

• Divinity is reassuring his humanity that this is part of the will of god

“Though Peter followed Jesus secretly to his first trial, he denied his association with him 3 times". The rooster crowed after” why is the symbolism of the rooster’s crow here?

The prophecy of Jesus that Peter will deny him is true

How did Judas let Satan enter his heart?

He sold Jesus to the Great Sanhedrin for 30 silver coins

Judas leaving in the 2nd or 3rd cup symbolizes what?

• He did not get to partake in communion which symbolizes the new covenant between God and His people through the sacrifice of Jesus.

• His leaving before this pivotal moment highlights his betrayal and rejection of Christ’s offering

THE TRIALS OF JESUS (GREAT SANHEDRIN AND THE ROMAN COURT)

• The Great Sanhedrin a council composed of chief priests elders and scribes 

• The trial was led by Caiaphas, the high priest 

• Annas the former high priest was influential in the proceedings

Accusations by the Sanhedrin

Blasphemy

BLASPHEMY

• A spiritual behavior or speech against god

• Isn’t a crime in Romans

• Sin against religion

How is blasphemy a sin against religion?

• He associated himself with the sinners and outcast

  • They are believed to be under the influence of the devil

• Teaching about the kingdom of God is different from the kingdom God of the Jews

Charges by the Roman court

1. TREASON

2. SEDITION

How did Jesus get charged by sedition and treason?

The Roman’s God was Julius Caesar

TREASON

A political behavior or speech against the government

SEDITION

A political behavior or speech inviting rebellion

Blasphemy, treason, sedition all lead to the?

kingdom of God

Inri (Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum) means?

Jesus of Nazareth King of the Jews

PONTIUS PILATE

• He was the roman provincial governor of Judea

• He knew of Jesus’ innocence but allowed Annas and Caiaphas to influence him and the Jewish mob’s cry for death by crucifixion

THE WHIP USED ON JESUS

• Whip → Flagrum

• The Roman flagrum tore Jesus’ flesh to ribbons

  • His wound were 5000+

• He was dehydrated 

• Physical health significantly decreased since then

• The crowning with thorns was a mockery to Jesus who were labeled as king of the Jews

  • Thorn can pierce through the skull

BIBLICAL TYPOLOGY OF THE CARRYING OF THE CROSS

• The patibulum or horizontal part of the cross represents us

• Simon of Cyrene (Libya) was a passerby commanded by the roman soldiers to help Jesus carry the part of the cross (Luke 23:26)

• So Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and laid it on his Isaac, while he himself carried the fire and the knife (Genesis 22:6)
  

“The patibulum or horizontal part of the cross represents us” means?

Represents humanity because it stretches horizontally, symbolizing the love and connection between individuals, as Jesus' arms were extended to embrace and redeem all people.

'“So Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and laid it on his Isaac, while he himself carried the fire and the knife (Genesis 22:6)” means?

• Just as Isaac carried the wood that would be used for his sacrifice, Jesus carried the cross (the wood) to Golgotha, where He would be sacrificed. 

• This parallel emphasizes the theme of obedience to God’s will and the sacrifice of the beloved son in both the Old and New Testaments.

RESTRICTS BLOOD FLOW FROM THE FOREARM TO HANDS AND FEET

• 7 inch nails pierced through the wrist, not the palm

• The weight of Jesus was in his torso

  • It became hard for him to breathe

  • If your blood oxygen suffered your lungs produce water which then resulted to Jesus’ lungs be drowned in water

CRUCIFIXION

• Crucifixus

• An excruciating and slow death, Roman punishment given to high profile criminals

• humiliating as they were naked

BIBLICAL TYPOLOGY OF THE CRUCIFIXION OF JESUS

1. Jesus was crucified alongside two criminals. It was truly humiliating 

2. The Roman soldiers casted and divided jesus garments among them

3. I thirst

criminals that were with Jesus

hestas and hemas

Jesus was crucified alongside two criminals. It was truly humiliating 

• They have pierced my hands and my feet

• I can count all my bones

• Through his humiliation he will justify and the guilt he will bear

The Roman soldiers casted and divided jesus garments among them

They divided my garments among them and for my clothing they cast lots

I thirst

• Jesus was offered sour wine mixed with gall

• The gall had pain killing properties, so he refuse it

• They put gall in my food and in my shirts they gave me vinegar to drink

BURIAL

• Joseph of Arimathea offered his burial site

• He was a member of the Sanhedrin council, he was a silent disciple of Jesus

• The women disciples (Mary Magdalene, Mary the wife of Cleopas, Joanna, and Salome) hurried to anoint him

why did the women disciples hurry to anoint jesus?

• Sabbath was approaching

• They weren’t allowed to work the very reason they were hurrying

when does sabbath start?

sundown of a saturday

The order of the seder ritual.

Four cups

The allegorical equivalent of the Messiah.

Paschal lamb

Led the conspiracy to have Jesus tried in the Roman Court

Caiaphas

The Messiah will suffer, die, and rise to redeem humanity from their fallen state

Paschal mystery

Memorial prototype for the Christian Passover

Jewish passover

Their betrayal & denial removed their dignity as Jesus’ disciples

Judas and Peter

Was instituted during the Last Supper to refer to the Body of Christ, that will be broken but will rise up again.

Unleavened bread