Med term skeletal unit

a-

without

peri-

around

poly-

many

oste/o

bone

-desis

binding

-lysis

break down

-malacia

abnormal softening

lumbago

abnormal condition of the lower back

osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone marrow

osteorraphy

the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones

spondylosthesis

abnormal condition slipping of the vertebrae

autologous

pertaining to self study of

Chondromalacia

abnormal softening of cartilage

osteoporosis

abnormal condition of pores in the bone

periostitis

Inflammation around the bone

scoliosis

lateral curvature of the spine

The 5 functions of the skeletal system are?

supports, protect soft body parts, produces blood cells, stores mineral and fat, permits body movement.

What bone group is the femur?

long bones

What type of bone is the talus/ tarsal bones

short bones

What type of bone is the parietal bone?

flat bone (skull bone)

What type of bone is the vertebra?

irregular

proximal epiphysis

end of the bone closest to the body trunk

Diaphysis

The shaft of the bone between the epiphyses

medullary cavity

The marrow cavity in the shaft of a long bone.

distal epiphysis

the end of the bone located farthest away from the midline of the body

articular cartilage

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints

spongy bone

Layer of bone tissue that has many small spaces and is found just inside the layer of compact bone.

epiphyseal plates

growth plates

periosteum

A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles.

compact bone

Hard, dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone

The function of osteoblasts

develop bone tissue

the function of osteoclasts

help break down and remodel bone

osteocytes

a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.

cells involved in bone growth

osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclasts

greentstick fracture

incomplete and the break occurs on the convex surface in the bone

comminuted fracture

fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed

transverse facture

complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone

oblique fracture

fracture at an angle to the bone

spiral

ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone

Hematoma (1st step for bone repair)

formation of a blood clot (occurs during the 1st 6-8 hours)

Fibrocartilaginous tissue repair (2nd step-bone repair)

fibrocartilage fills the space between the broken bones *process takes about 3 weeks +/-

Bony Callus- Osteoblasts (3rd step-bone repair)

converts fibrocartilage into a bony callus which connects the bones together (process lasts 3-4 months)

Remodeling-osteoblasts (4th step-bone repair)

makes new compact bone while osteoclasts begin to remove spongy or unneeded bony tissue

The core trunk of the body that houses and protects organs.

Axial skeleton

made up of the body limbs and provide the body movement.

appendicular skeleton

Condyle

A large, round articular knob

crest

Narrow, ridge like projection

epicondyle

projection situated above a condyle

Foramen

A rounded opening through a bone

Fossa

A flattened or shallow surface

Head

A prominent, rounded, articulating proximal end of a bone

spine

a sharp, slender process

trochanter

massive process found only on the femur

tuberosity

a large, roughened process

kyph/o

humpback

Chondr/o

cartilage

ankyl/o

crooked

arthr/o

joint

cost/o

rib

-lysis

breakdown

myel/o

bone marrow

desis

to bind

spondyl/o

vertebrae

scoli/o

curved

lord/o

swayback

manubrium

The upper portion of the sternum

synovial joints

freely movable joints

ligament

connects a bone to another bone

acetabulum

hip socket

process

prominent projection on a bone that serves as an attachment for muscles and tendons.

arthrolysis

the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint

Chronic disease that is characterized by the abnormal breakdown of bone followed by abnormal bone formation

Paget's disease

Bone marrow transplant uses bone marrow from a donor

allogenic

Medical term for the form of arthritis that is commonly known as wear-and-tear arthritis.

osteoarthritis

abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine

lordosis

spina bifida

congenital neural defect

type of cancer that occurs in blood making cells found in the red bone marrow

myeloma

callus

bulging deposit that forms around the area of a break during the healing process of a fractured bone

craniotomy

incision into the skull in order to gain access to the brain or to relieve intracranial pressure

subluxation

the partial displacement of a bone from its joint

arthrodesis

The procedure that stiffens a joint by joining two bones is \____. This is also known as surgical ankylosis.

arthroplasty

surgical repair or replacement of a joint

chondromalacia

softening of cartilage

juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis

an autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue

chondroplasty

surgical repair of cartilage

traction

a pulling force exerted on a limb in a distal direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment

talipes

congenital abnormality of the hindfoot (involving the talus)

osteosclerosis

abnormal hardening of bone

Chonropathy

cartilage disease

arthrotomy

incision into a joint

chondritis

inflammation of cartilage

arthrectomy

removal of a joint

polyarthritis

inflammation of many joints

osteoarthropathy

disease of bone and joint

craniomalacia

softening of the skull

BDT

bone density test

CR

closed reduction

Fx

Fracture

OA

osteoarthritis

ROM

range of motion