Pathophysiology Vocab 1

general terms, prevention levels, research and diagnosis, disease characteristics, clinical terms, epidemiology, and cellular changes

pathophysiology

study of the functional or physiological changes in the body caused by disease.

disease

deviation from normal structure, function, or state of wellness

homeostatsis

maintenance of a stable internal environment dispite external changes

health

a state of physical and mental well-being

primary prevention

prevents disease before it occurs

secondary prevention

detects and treats disease early to limit progression

tertiary prevtion

manages long-term diseases to prevent further deterioration

diagnosis

identifiaction of a specific disease

etiology

cause of a disease

idiopathic etiology

a condition without a known cause or origin.

latrogenic etiology

a condition caused by medical treatment or error

prophylaxis

actions taken to prevent disease spread

pathogenesis

sequence of events in disease development

onset

beginning of a disease, either sudden (acute) or gradual (insidious)

acute dsease

short term illness with rapid onset and severe symptoms

chronic disease

long lasting condition with gradual onset and permanent effects

latent period

silent phase before symptoms appear

prodromal phase

early stage with nonspecific symptoms

manifestations

observable signs or symptoms of a disease

local manifestations

symptoms that are confined to a specific area of the body.

systemic manifestations

symptoms that affect the entire body or multiple systems

lesion

specific local change in tissue

syndrome

a group of signs and symptoms occuring together

exacerbation

worsening of symptoms

remission

symptoms subside temporarily

complications

secondary issues arising from the primary disease

sequelae

unwanted outcomes of a disease, like paralysis after a stroke

prognosis

prediction of disease outcome

morbidity

disease rate within a group

mortality

death rate caused by a diseas

epidemiology

study of disease patterns and occurrences

epidemic

higher than expected cases in one area

pandemic

worldwide outbreak of a disease

incidence

number of new cases in a specific period

prevalence

total cases, both new and existing, within a population

atrophy

decrease in cell size leading to reduced tissue mass

hypertrophy

increase in cell size, resulting in enlarged tissue

hyperplasia

increase in the number of normal cells

dysplasia

increase on the number of abnormal cells

anaplasia

growth of abnormal, cancerous cells

metaplasia

Change of one mature cell type into another