Unit 1 Identifications

Primogeniture

only eldest sons were able to inherit land

Black legend

claimed the Spanish conquerors merely tortured and butchered the Indians (“killing for Christ”), stole their gold, infected them with smallpox, and left little but misery behind

Caravel

a ship developed by the Portuguese that could sail more closely into the wind

Three-sister farming

a farming method where corn, beans, and squash are grown together

New Lights

emphasized personal faith and emotional religious experiences rather than traditional church authority during the First Great Awakening

Paxton Boys

armed march protesting the Quaker oligarchy’s lenient policy toward the Indians

Patriots

American colonists who supported independence from Great Britain

John Rolfe

father of the tobacco industry in Virginia, the husband of Pocahontas

The First Great Awakening

a religious revival in the 1730s–1740s that encouraged colonists to focus on personal faith and emotional religious experiences

Triangular Trade

system of trade among Europe, Africa, and the Americas during the colonial period, the exchange of manufactured goods, enslaved Africans, and raw materials/cash crops

Mayflower Compact

an agreement signed by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower to establish a system of self-government in Plymouth Colony to submit to the rules the majority agreed on

Encomienda

allowed the government to give Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to try to Christianize them (basically slavery)

Canadian Shield

A zone built on ancient rock that was probably the first part of what became North America to rise above sea level