making history sem 2 2022 assessment 3

Experimental Archaeology:

Where a scientific method is applied to a historical question relating to an artefact or to answer a question.

limestone

It is made by mixing ________ heated to 900C and mixing it with water.

Potential energy

________ is stored.

Experiential Archaeology:

Something you can interact with. Where people are experiencing the process or making of something.

 Study Guide

Making History Medieval Semester 2 2022

Familiarise yourself with the following tools

compass, saw, adze, line and chalk, piercer, plane, broad ax, gouge

Armour

Maille

Castles

Guedelon

Piff

high iron content sandstone

Paff

reddish sandstone

Poof

yellow soft sandstone

Quarry sands make it stronger

It takes centuries to set

Process of making rivetted chainmail

1. Coil a wire into a spiral
2. Cut rings off the spiral
3. Make the metal soft by heating them until they’re red hot
4. Flatten the rings with a hammer until overlapping areas are flat
5. Heat the rings to red hot again to make them soft again and let them cool slowly
6. Punch a hole in the overlapping area of the rivet
7. Cut the rivets (cut off tiny pieces of wire)
8. Set the rivets. Set a rivet into the rivet hole. Align it to the center. Squeeze the rivet with pliers.

What is this?

4-in-1 Butted Maille

What is this?

4-in-1 Rivetted Maille

Why is the castle built in a quarry?

Because it has all the resources they need for things like colouring, wood, etc

How are the stones broken up to be used?

A hammer and wedge. They hit the wedge with the hammer to get a fracture and eventually split

What is the piff

High iron content sandstone

What is the paff?

Reddish sandstone

What is the poof

Yellow soft sandstone

Describe the process of making the grain ark

Split log, cut the planks, smooth sides with an axe, shape it, use pegs to hold it together

What is mortar?

What is used to stick the stones together to give the castle structure

How is mortar made?

Mixing limestone heated to 900 degrees C and mixing it with water

How does the blacksmith fix the tools?

They heat it to soften it, then sharpens with a file, then hardens it by heating and quickly quenching it with water

Why is the mortar strong?

Quarry sand makes it stronger

How long will it take for the mortar to set completely?

Many centuries

How does a trebuchet work?

Like a catapult. Potential energy is stored then used

What is a gambeson and how is it made?

It is a padded defensive jacket made out of wool, worn as armor

How does an arrow loop work?

It is a small window to shoot out from, it would be harder for enemies to shoot back through the window

Describe how a crossbow is made

Heat the metal till its white so it would be hot enough to get soft

What did a 13th century soldier eat?

Pottage, pork, beans, their war horses if they were desperate

What is heraldry?

The practice of devising, granting, displaying, describing, and recording a coat of arms

How did heraldry come to be?

Because people needed to be easily identifiable on the field, it is used to distinguish people of different families and social status

What is red?

Gules

What is blue?

Azure

What is green?

Vert

What is purple

Purpure

What is black

Sable

What is gold

Or

What is silver?

Argent

What is in a full achievement of a peer?

Coat of arms, chapeau, supporters, compartment hemet, crest, mantling, and motto

What is this tool?

Compass

What is this tool?

Saw

What is this tool?

Adze

What is this tool?

Line and chalk

What is this tool?

Piercer (Persore)

What is this tool?

Plane

What is this tool?

Broad ax

What is this tool?

Gouge

What is a compass used for?

Drawing circles